ReviewCureus2025
The Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Cancer Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While the cardiovascular benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are well-established, their role in cancer patients with T2DM - a population at heightened risk of cardiovascular complications due to both malignancy and cardiotoxic therapies - remains unclear. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the existing evidence on the effects of SGLT2is on cardiovascular outcomes in this high-risk group. We conducted a comprehensive literature search across PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. Observational cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating SGLT2is in adult cancer patients with T2DM were included. Data extraction and quality assessment (using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies) were performed independently by two reviewers. Due to clinical and methodological heterogeneity, findings were synthesized narratively, with effect estimates [hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs)] and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported. Nine studies (n = 162,605 participants) were included, comprising retrospective cohorts (n = 7) and population-based studies (n = 2). SGLT2i use was consistently associated with reduced all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF)-related hospitalizations. Benefits were particularly pronounced in patients exposed to anthracyclines or with pre-existing cardiovascular risk. Subgroup analyses suggested a dose-dependent survival advantage, while safety outcomes were comparable to non-users. Study quality was generally high, though heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. SGLT2 inhibitors appear to confer significant cardiovascular protection in cancer patients with T2DM, particularly against mortality and HF. These findings support their cautious integration into cardio-oncology practice, though randomized trials are needed to confirm causality and optimize protocols. Clinicians should weigh individual risks, especially in immunocompromised patients, while researchers should prioritize prospective studies to clarify mechanisms and long-term effects.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.