Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40615872›Full record

ArticleBMC musculoskeletal disorders2025

Cross-cultural adaption of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) into Punjabi for knee injury and osteoarthritis patients in Canada.

Nitya Suryaprakash, Jackie L Whittaker, Marie Westby, Richard Sawatzky, Stirling Bryan, Kusum Soni, Kamaljit Sidhu, Santosh Powar, Laurie J Goldsmith

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Validating Patient-Reported Outcomes and Surveys in Other Languages.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Nitya SuryaprakashSchool of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z3, Canada.
Jackie L WhittakerDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, 212 Friedman Building, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z3, Canada.
Marie WestbyDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, 212 Friedman Building, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z3, Canada.
Richard SawatzkyCentre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Providence Health, 570-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6Z1Y6, Canada.
Stirling BryanSchool of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z3, Canada. stirling.bryan@ubc.ca.
Kusum SoniSchool of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T1Z3, Canada.
Kamaljit SidhuUniversity of the Fraser Valley, 33844 King Road, Abbotsford, British Columbia, V2S7M7, Canada.
Santosh PowarPatient Research Partner, South Asian Exercise Research, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada.
Laurie J GoldsmithFaculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5A1S6, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a knee-specific patient-reported outcome that is used to assess knee-related symptoms, function and quality of life across a variety of knee conditions in patient populations. Currently there is no Punjabi version of the tool available. This study aims to cross-culturally adapt the KOOS tool from the source English language to the target Punjabi language for use in the Canadian health context.

methodsWe followed standard guidelines including: 1) creation of a concept definition document 2) forward translation 3) reconciliation 4) back translation 5) expert committee review 6) creation of pilot version for cognitive interviews 7) cognitive interviews 8) final review and proof reading.

resultsThirty people identifying as South Asian with lived experiences of various knee conditions took part in cognitive interviews (70% women, mean age 61 years) to provide insights into equivalence in conceptual, semantic, and content between the source English language and the target Punjabi language KOOS. Cognitive interviews identified comprehension and interpretation, structural, conceptual, cultural, and other issues in the preliminary Punjabi KOOS. These issues were addressed considering the Punjabi audience and culture in Canada, and the purpose of the tool to arrive at a cross-culturally adapted Punjabi KOOS.

conclusionA cross-culturally Punjabi version of the KOOS is available to assess knee related outcomes of SA Punjabi patients in Canada. Future validation of the tool is required with SA Punjabi patients in Canada to ensure that the "target Punjabi instrument" has the same properties as the "original English KOOS instrument".

Indexed as

Cross-Cultural ComparisonKnee InjuriesOsteoarthritis, KneePatient Reported Outcome MeasuresAdultAgedCanadaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedQuality of LifeCross-cultural adaptationKnee injuriesKOOSOsteoarthritisPunjabi

Identifiers

PMID40615872
PMCPMC12232004

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.