ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025
Concomitant mortality trends due to obesity and hypertension in the U.S.: a 20-year retrospective analysis of the CDC WONDER database.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hypertension management in transition: gains, gaps, and growing challenges in a high-altitude multi-ethnic region of China (2019-2024).Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends and Disparities in Hypertension-Related Cardiomyopathy Mortality in the United States, 1999-2023.Clinical cardiology · 2026Review
- Trends and widening inequities in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic involvement in cardiovascular mortality: A national spatiotemporal analysis, 2014-2023.Clinical medicine (London, England) · 2026Article
- Temporal Trends and Forecasted Cardiac Arrest and Hypertension-Related Mortality in U.S. Adults, 2000-2035: A Nationwide CDC WONDER Multiple Cause-of-Death Study.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Understanding Mortality Data: A Step-by-Step Guide to CDC WONDER, Joinpoint Analysis, and Forecasting Models.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Review
- Gut Dysbiosis as a Shared Mechanism in Obesity and Hypertension: Exploring a Promising Therapeutic Avenue.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Review
- Temporal trends and demographic patterns in hypertension-related mortality with intracerebral hemorrhage in the United States: 1999-2020.Global cardiology science & practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Oropharyngeal cancer mortality in the United States, 1999-2023: a surveillance analysis using CDC WONDER.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypertension (HTN) and obesity are leading, interrelated risk factors for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and kidney disease in the United States. Despite advances in medical therapies and public health interventions, the joint mortality burden associated with these conditions remains substantial. We sought to characterize national trends and demographic disparities in obesity- and hypertension-related mortality from 2000 to 2019 using the CDC WONDER database.
methodsIn this retrospective descriptive study, multiple cause-of-death data for individuals aged ≥ 25 years were extracted from CDC WONDER. Obesity (ICD-10 E66.*) and hypertension (ICD-10 I10-I15)-related deaths were identified as underlying or contributing causes. Crude Mortality Rates (CMRs) and Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated annually and standardized to the 2000 U.S. POPULATION: Joinpoint regression was employed to estimate Annual Percent Change (APC) and Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in AAMRs, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Trends were stratified by sex, race/ethnicity, urban-rural classification, and U.S. Census region.
resultsFrom 2000 to 2019, there were 254,116 obesity- and hypertension-related deaths (54.6% male). The combined AAMR rose from 2.58 to 9.62 per 100,000 (AAPC 7.31*, 95% CI 6.66-7.97). Men experienced higher AAMRs than women (AAPC 8.50* vs. 6.08*, respectively). Non-Hispanic Black individuals exhibited the highest AAMR (11.19), followed by American Indian/Alaska Native (6.62) and non-Hispanic White (5.35) populations. Non-metropolitan counties demonstrated greater mortality (AAMR 6.52) compared to metropolitan areas (5.76), and Southern and rural states bore the highest burdens.
conclusionsOver two decades, obesity- and hypertension-related mortality in U.S. adults has increased significantly across all demographic groups, with pronounced disparities by sex, race/ethnicity, and rurality. Targeted, multifaceted interventions are urgently needed to curb this growing public health crisis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.