Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40623753›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Comparative efficacy of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on pain intensity of primary dysmenorrhoea: protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

QiongNan Bao, Jin Yao, XiaoLi Du, YaQin Li, XinYue Zhang, ManZe Xia, ZhengHong Chen, WanQi Zhong, KeXin Wu, ZiHan Yin and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

QiongNan Bao *Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First People's Hospital of Yunnan, Kunming, Yunnan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2350-5381
Jin Yao *Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
XiaoLi Du *Sichuan Nanchong Mental Health Center, Nanchong, China.
YaQin LiChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
XinYue ZhangChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
ManZe XiaChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
ZhengHong ChenChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
WanQi ZhongChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
KeXin WuChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9445-9538
ZiHan YinChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1543-0551
FanRong LiangChengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China acuresearch@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8518-9268

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPrimary dysmenorrhoea (PD) is the most common gynaecological condition among young women and is associated with significant socioeconomic repercussions. It is unclear which works best for pain relief when pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are compared. This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) will aim to compare and rank the effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in patients with PD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Randomised controlled trials of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for PD will be identified via a search of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus database and Google Scholar search engine until September 2025. The primary outcome will be a change in pain intensity among patients with PD, while the secondary outcomes include health-related quality of life, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and treatment-related adverse events. Two independent reviewers will perform document screening, study selection and data extraction. The methodological quality of the included studies will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (V.2). The RevMan, Stata and Aggregate Data Drug Information System software will be used to perform a pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian NMA in a random-effects model. The certainty of the evidence will be rated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation System. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review protocol is exempt from ethical approval as it involves analysis of previously published data. The findings of this review will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024543573.

Indexed as

DysmenorrheaPain ManagementFemaleHumansNetwork Meta-Analysis as TopicPain MeasurementQuality of LifeRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicResearch DesignSystematic Reviews as TopicDysmenorrheaNetwork Meta-AnalysisSystematic Review

Identifiers

PMID40623753
PMCPMC12230959

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.