ArticleReproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2025
Polycystic ovary syndrome and excessive body weight impact independently and synergically on fertility treatment outcomes.
Article in Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Reproductive Health: Integrating IVF Data, Ovarian Physiology and Molecular Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Visceral adiposity and insulin resistance in polycystic ovarian syndrome - A cross-sectional, observational study.European journal of obstetrics & gynecology and reproductive biology: X · 2026Article
- Article
- Leptin Receptor b (LEPRb) Mutations Disrupt Hypothalamic Control of the Reproductive Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Triglyceride-glucose index and assisted reproductive outcomes in non-PCOS women: evidence from a propensity score-weighted cohort of 9,903 patients.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Anthropometric Measurements to Predict Metabolic Syndrome in Thai Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Retrospective Study.The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · 2026Article
- Follicular fluid from women with polycystic ovary syndrome induces granulosa cells metabolic dysfunction that is exacerbated by obesity.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Impact of Reducing Obesity in PCOS: Methods and Treatment Outcomes.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- The Impact of Intermittent Fasting on Metabolic and Hormonal Profile in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) Levels and Metabolic Risk Across Phenotypes of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Estradiol-to-oocyte ratio as a prognostic biomarker of assisted reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: The impact of LH activity.Women's health (London, England)Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and obesity can both disrupt reproductive function. However, the extent to which obesity contributes to PCOS manifestations is not very clear. This study aimed to disentangle the relative contributions of PCOS and obesity for reproductive dysfunction in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).
methodsA total of 129 women undergoing IVF treatments were recruited. Women were allocated into four groups according to body mass index (BMI) and PCOS diagnosis: normal-weight controls (n = 33; 21.70 ± 1.85 kg/m²), overweight/obesity controls (n = 28; 28.35 ± 3.05 kg/m²), normal-weight PCOS (n = 31; 21.92 ± 1.95 kg/m²), and overweight/obesity PCOS (n = 37; 31.67 ± 5.03 kg/m²). Circulating levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), glucose and insulin were measured in all groups, while insulin resistance was assessed by the Homeostatic Model (HOMA-IR). Additionally, on the oocyte retrieval day, ∆4-androstenedione, testosterone, progesterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), were measured in plasma and follicular fluid (FF). IVF outcomes evaluated included the number of oocytes retrieved, oocyte immaturity, as well as fertilization and blastocyst formation rates. A multivariate analysis was performed to determine the independent effects of PCOS and obesity for reproductive and metabolic parameters.
resultsWomen with PCOS presented significantly higher AMH levels, LH: FSH ratio, and lower FF progesterone levels, confirming these as PCOS-specific signatures regardless of BMI. In contrast, women with overweight/obesity had lower plasma and FF SHBG levels and greater HOMA-IR, independently of PCOS. Furthermore, ∆4-androstenedione and testosterone levels in plasma and FF were significantly higher in women with PCOS and overweight/obesity as compared to normal-weight women with PCOS. Despite the higher oocyte retrieval rates in women with PCOS, no differences in oocyte immaturity, fertilization and blastocyst formation rates were observed.
conclusionsPCOS and obesity independently disrupt female reproductive function suggesting that features associated with each condition may differ. Furthermore, our study shows that obesity exacerbates hyperandrogenism in women with PCOS, highlighting a synergistic detrimental impact on female reproductive function.
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