Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40631687›Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of neurology2025

Executive Dysfunction and Disability in SPMS: Predictive Value of the Frontal Assessment Battery in the UCLH MS-STAT2 Cohort.

Charles Wade, Anisha Doshi, Sean Apap Mangion, Tom Williams, Alessia Bianchi, Floriana De Angelis, Sarah Wright, Nevin John, Alberto Calvi, Marie Braisher and 4 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIIMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03387670 (A Phase 3 Randomised, Double Blind, Clinical Trial Investigating the Effectiveness of Repurposed Simvastatin Compared to Placebo, in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, in Slowing the Progression of Disability), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03387670 phase3completednot on this map

A Phase 3 Randomised, Double Blind, Clinical Trial Investigating the Effectiveness of Repurposed Simvastatin Compared to Placebo, in Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis, in Slowing the Progression of Disability

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity College, LondonRan2018 to 2024Enrolled964ConditionsSecondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS)ArmsSimvastatin, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Charles WadeQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5199-7566
Anisha DoshiQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Sean Apap MangionQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3399-7823
Tom WilliamsQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8197-0177
Alessia BianchiQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Floriana De AngelisQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Sarah WrightQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1146-1801
Nevin JohnQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-4498
Alberto CalviQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
Marie BraisherQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
James BlackstoneComprehensive Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK.
Jennifer NicholasDepartment of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University College London, London, UK.
Jeremy ChatawayQueen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
UCL MS‐STAT2 Investigators

Funding

National Institute for Health and Care Research 15/57/143
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCognitive impairment is common in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), with executive dysfunction disproportionately so. The frontal assessment battery (FAB) is a bedside test assessing executive function. This study explores the distribution of FAB scores in a large SPMS cohort and their associations with disability.

methodsData were analysed from 294 participants in a cognitive substudy of the MS-STAT2 trial (NCT03387670). Associations between baseline FAB scores, ambulation status (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] < 6.0 vs. ≥ 6.0) and other disability measures were assessed using generalised linear models, adjusting for age, education, gender and disease duration. FAB performance was also compared against other cognitive tests (SDMT, CVLT-II, BVMT-R).

results23.8% of participants scored the FAB maximum of 18; 29.9% scored below the clinical threshold of 16. FAB scores showed moderate correlations with SDMT (ρ = 0.46), CVLT-II (ρ = 0.36) and BVMT-R (ρ = 0.43), and participants scoring < 16 were significantly more likely to be impaired across these cognitive domains (p < 0.001). Lower baseline FAB scores were significantly associated with higher EDSS, slower T25FW and reduced manual dexterity (9HPT) (all p < 0.005) at baseline and longitudinally, with performance comparable to other validated cognitive tests.

conclusionsWe present a large cohort of FAB scores in the SPMS population. Lower FAB scores are associated with both concurrent and future disability and may offer a scalable tool for identifying individuals at greater risk of progression and a robust trial outcome measure.

Indexed as

Cognitive DysfunctionExecutive FunctionMultiple Sclerosis, Chronic ProgressiveNeuropsychological TestsAdultCohort StudiesDisability EvaluationFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of Testsclinical trialscognitionfrontal assessment batterysecondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Identifiers

PMID40631687
PMCPMC12239038

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.