ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2025
Association between glucagon-like peptidase 1 receptor agonist and obesity-related cancer in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Obesity Related Cancers: What We Know So Far.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Metabolic Modulation in Cancer Care: The Potential Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2026Review
- Gestational Diabetes and Postpartum Cardiovascular, Kidney, and Metabolic Disorders.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Adiposity and cancer: epidemiology, mechanisms and future perspectives.Nature metabolism · 2026Review
- Sleeve Gastrectomy Effect on Structural and Functional Myocardium Characteristics and Trpc3, Trpc6, Tgfb1, and Atp2a2 Gene Expression in Rats with Post-Infarction Heart Failure.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Article
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Abstract
backgroundEvidence regarding the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1) agonist, when compared with other glucose-lowering drugs, on obesity-related cancer in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes is limited.
methodsUsing Merative Marketscan research databases, we identified all overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes aged 20-79 years who received GLP-1 agonist or other glucose-lowering drugs in the United States between January 2016 and June 2021. The primary outcome was obesity-related cancer, defined as a component of 13 cancer types.
resultsAmong 919 609 overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes (mean [SD] age = 52.3 [10.9] years; female, 53.5%), 16 653 newly diagnosed with obesity-related cancer were recorded during the 2 086 526 person-years of follow-up. GLP-1 agonist users (vs other glucose-lowering drugs users) were associated with lower incidence (7.5 vs 8.1 per 1000 person-years) and risk of obesity-related cancer (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83 to 0.91). This statistically significant association was consistent when comparing GLP-1 agonist with metformin (adjusted HR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.86 to 0.95), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (adjusted HR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.84 to 0.93), thiazolidinediones (adjusted HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.71 to 0.99), sulfonylureas (adjusted HR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74 to 0.88), sodium-glucose transport protein 2 inhibitor (adjusted HR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.66 to 0.80), and insulin (adjusted HR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.65 to 0.76; all P < .05) and was strengthened with increasing weight (overweight, mild to moderate, and severe obesity: HR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.81 to 1.10, vs HR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.84 to 0.97, vs HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.88, respectively; Pinteraction = .032).
conclusionsIn a nationwide US cohort of overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 agonist, when compared with other glucose-lowering drugs, was associated with a lower risk of obesity-related cancer, with more pronounced risk reduction with increasing body weight.
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