ReviewImmunoTargets and therapy2025
IL-6 Signaling in Immunopathology: From Basic Biology to Selective Therapeutic Intervention.
Review in ImmunoTargets and therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Single and Multiple Ascending Doses of Olamkicept up to 2400 mg in Healthy Men: Phase I, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, and Double-Blind Trial.Clinical and translational science · 2026Trial
- Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Olamkicept Doses up to 2400 mg in Healthy Japanese Men: Phase I, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, and Double-Blind Trial.Clinical and translational science · 2026Trial
- Fibrinogen as a Driver of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Fetal Brain After Maternal Influenza.Research square · 2026Article
- The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Nonlinear dose-response of umbilical cord blood IL-6 to severe brain injury in preterm infants: a prospective cohort study.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Clonal hematopoiesis in the pathogenesis of non-hematologic diseases with therapeutic potential.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Stress-induced IL-6 regulation in pediatric bone growth disorders: current insights and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Metabolomic characterization of frailty identifies subtype-specific management strategies.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- The Interleukin Network in Sepsis: From Cytokine Storm to Clinical Applications.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- UVB-/Age-Dependent Upregulation of Inflammatory Factor Interleukin-6 Receptor (IL-6R) in Keratinocytes Stimulates Melanocyte Dendricity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Jamamina: A Green Nanostructured Lipid Carrier with NaDES and Curcumin for Redox Modulation and Inflammatory Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine with pro- and anti-inflammatory functions. Interestingly, its divergent biological activities are mediated by different signaling pathways: In IL-6 classic signaling, which is associated with the regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties of the cytokine, IL-6 binds to and signals via the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) on its target cells. In contrast, the pro-inflammatory properties of IL-6 are mediated via the soluble (s)IL-6R (IL-6 trans-signaling). Recently, a third mode of IL-6 signaling was revealed, which was termed cluster signaling and is required for the generation of pathogenic Th17 cells. In all pathways, intracellular signaling cascades are activated via the formation of a gp130 homodimer. The involvement of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and even cancer has made IL-6 and the IL-6R important therapeutic targets. Consequently, antibodies that block either IL-6 itself or the IL-6R are in clinical use and have been approved for different inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This review gives an overview about the complex biology of this important cytokine, summarizes the current usage of anti-IL-6 therapeutics in clinical use and highlights the pre-clinical and clinical development of novel therapeutic agents that specifically block only the trans-signaling pathway of IL-6.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.