Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40640492›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Interplay of kidney function and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in COVID-19 mortality: a prospective cohort study.

Sylvia Mink, Heinz Drexel, Andreas Leiherer, Janne Cadamuro, Wolfgang Hitzl, Emanuel Zitt, Matthias Frick, Patrick Reimann, Christoph H Saely, Peter Fraunberger

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Sylvia MinkCentral Medical Laboratories, Carinagasse 41 3495, 6800, Feldkirch, AT, Austria. smink@mzl.at.
Heinz DrexelPrivate University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein.
Andreas LeihererCentral Medical Laboratories, Carinagasse 41 3495, 6800, Feldkirch, AT, Austria.
Janne CadamuroDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Wolfgang HitzlDepartment of Research and Innovation, Team Biostatistics and Publication of Clinical Trials, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Emanuel ZittVIVIT Institute, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.
Matthias FrickDepartment of Internal Medicine 1, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria.
Patrick ReimannPrivate University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein.
Christoph H SaelyPrivate University in the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein.
Peter FraunbergerCentral Medical Laboratories, Carinagasse 41 3495, 6800, Feldkirch, AT, Austria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CKD has been recognized as an independent risk factor for severe disease and death in COVID-19. Given the high variability in humoral responses, their general decrease in strength, quality, and durability with age, and the decline of antibody levels over time, personalized vaccination regimes would ensure optimal protection of patients with CKD. This prospective, multicenter cohort study included 1112 hospitalized COVID-19 patients from five study centers. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike antibodies and eGFR were measured on hospital admission. The primary outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Reduced kidney function combined with anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody levels was a stronger predictor of COVID-19 mortality than either parameter separately. After adjusting for potential confounders, patients with an eGFR of 60-89 ml/min, 30-59 ml/min, and < 30 ml/min had 4.5, 8.5, and 8.4 times higher odds of dying if antibody levels were below the Youden index of 182BAU/ml (aOR 4.468, 95%CI 1.599-12.486, p = 0.004; 8.528, 3.190-22.793, p < 0.001; 8.400, 2.571-27.442, p < 0.001). Mortality rates did not differ significantly by renal function in CKD patients with antibody levels > 1200BAU/ml. In patients with impaired kidney function, survival is strongly associated with sufficiently high antibody levels. Additional booster vaccinations should be considered in CKD patients with antibody levels < 1200BAU/ml.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralCOVID-19Renal Insufficiency, ChronicSARS-CoV-2AgedAged, 80 and overFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHospital MortalityHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusAntibodies, ViralSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodiesCKDCorrelate of protectionCOVID-19Kidney functionSARS-CoV-2Vaccination

Identifiers

PMID40640492
PMCPMC12246416

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.