ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2025
Connection and communication between the nervous and immune systems.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07497425 (Neuroimmune Responses to Physical Exercise Training in Chronic Primary Low Back Pain), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neuroimmune Responses to Physical Exercise Training in Chronic Primary Low Back Pain
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digital neuroplasticity modulation of the brain-immune axis: Translational strategies for neurodegenerative, psychiatric, and aging-related conditions.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Baseline peripheral inflammatory profiles predict phenoconversion in prodromal Parkinson's disease: a longitudinal cohort study.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026Article
- Decoding neuro-tumor interactions in pancreatic cancer: mechanisms, immunosuppressive networks and therapeutic opportunities.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Quantitative EEG-Based Detection of Poststroke Delirium Endotypes and Their Association With Biomarkers of Inflammation.Brain and behavior · 2026Observational
- Targeting the neuro-immune axis: immunological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies in male sexual dysfunction.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Inflammatory cytokine alterations in autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Review
- Substance abuse and inflammation: consequences beyond the brain.Trends in immunology · 2026Review
- γδ T Cell-Mediated Neuroimmune Interactions in Skin Inflammation and Allergy.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Whole-mouse immunolabeling at cellular resolution for comprehensive 3D atlases.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune programming of childhood trauma: comorbid mechanisms and developmental origins of depression and autoimmune diseases.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Cross-Organ Neuroimmunology of Behavior.Annual review of immunology · 2026Review
- Suppression of pre-B cell colony formation by catecholamine oxidation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Unknotting the crosstalk between COPD and neuroinflammation.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- A Stress-Neuroendocrine-Myeloid Inflammation Axis Is Associated with the Progression of Ménière's Disease.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Premature Neuroimmune and Redox-Inflammatory Breakdown at the Prodromal Stage in Male and Female Triple-Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mice.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dual zeitgeber axes in psoriasis: a chronobiological framework for immune jet lag.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Epitranscriptomics, immunometabolism, and NETosis: unlocking novel mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in COPD.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Neuro-immune interactions in urticaria:a pruritus-centric dissection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Peripheral Nerve-Cancer Interactions in the Tumor Microenvironment: A Three-Dimensional Framework Integrating Mechanisms, Modulators, and Therapeutic Strategies.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of T cell activation: Integrating signaling pathways, experimental models, and therapeutic implications.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Connections between the nervous and immune systems are increasingly recognized as central to brain-body physiology. In this Review, we examine how these systems collaborate to detect and respond to both internal and external stimuli - such as psychological stress, circadian cues, infection, and tissue injury. Rather than operating in isolation, the nervous and immune systems form an integrated network that is more than the sum of its parts. They share a common architecture and vocabulary, enabling bidirectional connection and communication that modulate immune cell characteristics throughout the body. We review immune-nervous interactions within two complementary frameworks: first, a spatial framework that distinguishes communication in the brain, communication within peripheral organs, and communication across distance; and second, a temporal framework that maps nervous system influence across the operational lifespan of the immune system - specifically focusing on how the nervous system impacts immune cell development, distribution, and execution of functions. Finally, we highlight key tools, clinical applications, and questions for future research on how both systems coordinate to respond to somatic and environmental stressors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40640567What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.