Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40642089›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025

Gut microbiota-driven neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities.

Wenhui Lei, Yiwen Cheng, Xia Liu, Jie Gao, Zhangcheng Zhu, Wenwen Ding, Xiaocui Xu, Yating Li, Zongxin Ling, Ruilai Jiang and 1 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
47citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Article
  8. Trehalose's untapped mechanisms in alzheimer's: gut-brain-autophagy signalling beyond the usual targets.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2026
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  17. From Tradition to Translation: A Critical Appraisal ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Wenhui Lei *Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yiwen Cheng *Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xia Liu *Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jie GaoCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zhangcheng ZhuDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Wenwen DingDepartment of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
Xiaocui XuDepartment of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
Yating LiCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zongxin LingCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Ruilai JiangDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Lishui Second People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Xiaoying ChenDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, Lishui Second People's Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation, and chronic neuroinflammation. While neuroinflammation-mediated by microglial and astrocyte activation-has long been considered a secondary response to Aβ pathology, emerging evidence positions it as a primary driver of cognitive decline. Notably, the gut microbiota, through the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), is crucial in modulating neuroinflammation. Dysbiosis disrupts gut barrier integrity, promotes systemic inflammation, and exacerbates neuroinflammatory responses, thereby accelerating AD progression. Recent advances reveal that gut microbiota-derived metabolites (e.g., short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides) directly influence microglial activation and Aβ aggregation. These findings have opened new therapeutic possibilities, with microbiota-targeted approaches such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation demonstrating promising neuroprotective effects in preclinical studies by reducing neuroinflammation and preserving cognitive function. However, translating these findings into clinical applications requires further validation through randomized controlled trials. This review summarizes the current understanding of gut microbiota-driven neuroinflammation in AD, from molecular mechanisms to potential therapeutic strategies. Targeting the MGBA represents a paradigm shift in AD management, emphasizing the modulation of neuroinflammation and pathological progression through gut microbiota interventions. The discussion also addresses existing research challenges and outlines future directions to advance this promising field.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseGastrointestinal MicrobiomeNeuroinflammatory DiseasesAnimalsBrainBrain-Gut AxisDysbiosisFecal Microbiota TransplantationHumansProbioticsAlzheimer’s diseasebutyratefecal microbiota transplantationgut microbiotamicrobiota-gut-brain axisneuroinflammation

Identifiers

PMID40642089
PMCPMC12241022

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.