Evidence mapPaperPMID 40646243Full record

SynthesisEye (London, England)2025

Association between metabolic syndrome and cataract: a meta-analysis.

Caijuan Liu, Yinbo Zhang, Xiaowen Cao, Zhimin Chen

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Eye (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Caijuan LiuDepartment of cataract, Hebei Eye Hospital, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xingtai, China.
Yinbo ZhangShijiazhuang Medical Department, Hebei Eye Hospital, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China.
Xiaowen CaoShijiazhuang Medical Department, Hebei Eye Hospital, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shijiazhuang, China.
Zhimin ChenDepartment of cataract, Hebei Eye Hospital, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xingtai, China. ykyyczm@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-7982-441X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults. However, the evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify this potential association.

methodsWe conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to July 31, 2024, for observational studies evaluating the association between MetS and cataract. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochrane Q test and I² statistics. Subgroup analyses were performed based on study characteristics.

resultsTen studies with 379,464 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of cataract (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16-1.41, p < 0.001; I² = 90%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association was stronger in participants aged ≥57 years compared to those <57 years (p for subgroup difference <0.001) and in studies using the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS diagnosis compared to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria (p for subgroup difference <0.001). No significant differences were found by geographic region, sex, or cataract types. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Egger's regression test showed no significant publication bias (p = 0.44).

conclusionMetS is associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults, particularly in older populations. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop prevention strategies.

Indexed as

CataractMetabolic SyndromeFemaleHumansMaleRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID40646243
PMCPMC12402076

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.