Evidence mapPaperPMID 40648864Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2025

Muscle in Endocrinology: From Skeletal Muscle Hormone Regulation to Myokine Secretion and Its Implications in Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases.

Pedro Iglesias

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

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  15. Optimal type and dose of exercise to improve cognitive function in healthy and pre-sarcopenic older adults: a bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.European review of aging and physical activity : official journal of the European Group for Research into Elderly and Physical Activity · 2026
    Review
  16. CD21Frontiers in aging · 2026
    Article
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  19. The sarcopenia-pain connection: why mechanisms matter for patient care?Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Pedro IglesiasDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda, Calle Joaquín Rodrigo, 1, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-0126-1985

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Skeletal muscle, traditionally recognized for its motor function, has emerged as a key endocrine organ involved in metabolic regulation and interorgan communication. This narrative review addresses the dual role of muscle as a target tissue for classical hormones-such as growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1), thyroid hormones, and sex steroids-and as a source of myokines, bioactive peptides released in response to muscle contraction that exert autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine effects. Several relevant myokines are discussed, such as irisin and Metrnl-like myokines (Metrnl), which mediate exercise-associated metabolic benefits, including improved insulin sensitivity, induction of thermogenesis in adipose tissue, and immunometabolic modulations. It also examines how muscle endocrine dysfunction, caused by chronic inflammation, hormone resistance, or sedentary lifestyle, contributes to the development and progression of metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and sarcopenia, highlighting the importance of muscle mass in the prognosis of these pathologies. Finally, the therapeutic potential of interventions aimed at preserving or enhancing muscle function-through physical exercise, hormone therapy and anabolic agents-is highlighted, together with the growing research on myokines as biomarkers and pharmacological targets. This review expands the understanding of muscle in endocrinology, proposing an integrative approach that recognizes its central role in metabolic health and its potential to innovate the clinical management of endocrine-metabolic diseases.

Indexed as

brain-derived neurotrophic factorendocrine–metabolic diseasesfibroblast growth factor 21fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5interleukin-15interleukin-6irisinleukemia inhibitory factormeteorin-likemyokinemyonectinmyostatinsecreted protein acidic and rich in cysteineskeletal muscle

Identifiers

PMID40648864
PMCPMC12249830

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.