ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Ketamine-From an Anesthetic to a Psychiatric Drug: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Applications and Potential Risks.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Continuous ketamine infusion for surgical patients in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with GRADE assessment.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Ketamine for substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Central toxic effects of an antitumoral bufadienolide: In silico targets and in vivo findings.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Psychoactive and Neurobiological Effects of Ketamine in Humans: A Scoping Review of Clinical Evidence.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Neuroscientific Basis of Ketamine as an Analgesic and Emerging Role in the Management of Depression.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- The effect of esketamine as adjuvant to ropivacaine for unilateral paravertebral block on postoperative pain and sensitization in adult patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a randomized clinical trial.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
- Hippocampal miR-34a/SIRT1 and BDNF Responses Following Adolescent Stress: Differential Effects of Ketamine and Fluoxetine.Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry · 2026Article
- Treating addiction with an addictive drug: the ketamine paradox revisited.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Multimodal Approaches for Pain Management and Improving Functional Outcomes Following Amputation.Journal of orthopaedics and sports medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Ketamine, originally developed as an anesthetic, is gaining increasing attention due to its multifaceted pharmacological properties. In addition to its use in anesthesia, ketamine exerts potent analgesic effects via N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism, modulating pain perception and reducing central sensitization, particularly in chronic and neuropathic pain conditions. Emerging evidence also supports ketamine's potential in the treatment of substance use disorder, where it may disrupt maladaptive reward-related memories and promote neuroplasticity which facilitates behavioral change. Moreover, in recent years, S-ketamine has shown rapid and potent antidepressant effects, especially in treatment-resistant depression (TRD), probably due to increased glutamatergic signaling, synaptic plasticity and the release of neurotrophic factors. This heterogeneous therapeutic profile positions ketamine as a unique agent at the interface of anesthesia, pain management, addiction medicine and psychiatry, warranting further exploration into its mechanism and long-term effectiveness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.