ReviewNucleic acids research2025
The XNA alphabet.
Review in Nucleic acids research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nucleic acid aptamers: new methods for selection, target validation, molecular diagnostics and therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Quantifying replication fidelity of unnatural base pairs using nanopore sequencing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- UV photodamage pathways and the evolutionary selection of thymine over uracil in early genetic systems.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Dynamism and evolvability in nucleic acid enzymes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- High-resolution melting analysis for rapid and cost-effective detection of unnatural base pairs.Biodesign research · 2026Article
- Xeno-nucleic acids support formation of Ag(I)-mediated duplexes and silver nanoclusters.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Ribozyme biotechnology: emerging opportunities for medical applications in the RNA therapeutics era.Medical review (2021) · 2026Article
- Allele-specific knockdown by an engineered DNAzyme capable of RNase H1 evasion.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Generation of Diversely Functionalized DNA Libraries Using Ligase-Catalyzed Oligonucleotide Polymerization (LOOPER).Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Crystal structure of a closed ternary complex of a HNA Reverse Transcriptase in complex with a HNA/DNA duplex.PloS one · 2026Article
- Functions and applications of enzymes in nucleic acid nanotechnology.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Inspired by nature, chemists have spent the last 50 years systematically designing and synthesizing a vast array of sugar-modified nucleic acids, so-called xenonucleic acids (XNAs), collectively forming what we now describe as the XNA alphabet. Within the alphabet, systems can be categorized into two major groups: those capable of interacting with natural nucleic acids and those that do not cross-pair with DNA or RNA. The sugar component of XNAs plays a crucial role in defining their conformational space, which, in turn, influences their hybridization properties and potential applications across biotechnology and synthetic biology. This review provides an overview of sugar-modified XNA systems developed to date as well as the geometric parameters and physicochemical principles that have enhanced our understanding of XNA conformational behavior, particularly in relation to their orthogonality to (i.e. inability to cross-pair with) natural nucleic acids. These insights are essential for developing a more rational approach to key processes such as XNA replication and evolution, ultimately paving the way for applications in areas including synthetic genetics, nucleic acid therapeutics, diagnostics, and nanotechnology.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.