Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40651981›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Vertical transmission in field-caught mosquitoes identifies a mechanism for the establishment of Usutu virus in a temperate country.

Mirjam Schilling, Becki Lawson, Simon Spiro, Madhujot Jagdev, Alexander G C Vaux, Robert C Bruce, Colin J Johnston, Anthony J Abbott, Ethan Wrigglesworth, Paul Pearce-Kelly and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  5. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Mirjam SchillingVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, Surrey, UK. mirjam.schilling@apha.gov.uk.
Becki LawsonInstitute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
Simon SpiroWildlife Health Services, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
Madhujot JagdevVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, Surrey, UK.
Alexander G C VauxMedical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology Group, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.
Robert C BruceVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, Surrey, UK.
Colin J JohnstonMedical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology Group, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.
Anthony J AbbottMedical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology Group, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.
Ethan WrigglesworthWildlife Health Services, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
Paul Pearce-KellyZoological Society of London, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
Andrew A CunninghamInstitute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
Jolyon M MedlockMedical Entomology and Zoonoses Ecology Group, UK Health Security Agency, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.
Nicholas JohnsonVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, Surrey, UK.
Arran J FollyVirology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, Addlestone, KT15 3NB, Surrey, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Usutu virus (USUV) is an emerging zoonotic flavivirus in Europe and the first zoonotic mosquito-borne virus to be confirmed in animal hosts in the United Kingdom (UK). Repeated detection of USUV in the years following its initial detection in 2020 indicated that the virus is overwintering in the UK and should now be considered endemic within southeast England. Surveillance of avian hosts and mosquito vectors has been insufficient to elucidate the mechanism by which USUV has persisted through temperate winters. Through enhanced targeted vector surveillance at the index site between 2021 and 2024 inclusive, we detected USUV RNA in host-seeking adult female Culex pipiens s.l. as well as in adults reared from field-caught larvae. This is, to our knowledge, the first description of vertical transmission of USUV in an arthropod vector that should consequently be considered a viable mechanism for the persistence of USUV in temperate areas.

Indexed as

CulexFlavivirusFlavivirus InfectionsInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalMosquito VectorsAnimalsFemaleRNA, ViralUnited KingdomRNA, ViralCulex pipiensDiapauseEmerging infectious diseaseFlavivirusMosquito-borne diseaseOverwinteringVertical transmission

Identifiers

PMID40651981
PMCPMC12255745

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.