Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40653176›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine2025

Examining rural disparities in cigarette smoking among U.S. women by chronological age: 2002-2022.

Stephen T Higgins, Tyler G Erath, Fang Fang Chen, Michael J DeSarno

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Stephen T HigginsVermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States; Department of Psychological Science, and University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States. Electronic address: Stephen.Higgins@uvm.edu.
Tyler G ErathVermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States.
Fang Fang ChenVermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States.
Michael J DeSarnoVermont Center on Behavior and Health, University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States; Biomedical Statistics Research Core University of Vermont, 1 South Prospect Street, UHC, MS482 Burlington 05401, Vermont, United States.

Funding

Vermont Center on Behavior and HealthP20GM103644 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI KHADANGA, SHERRIE · 2013 to 2022
$21.3M
University of Vermont Tobacco Center of Regulatory ScienceU54DA036114 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HIGGINS, STEPHEN T · 2018 to 2022
$19.4M
TRAINING IN BEHAV. PHARMACOLOGY OF HUMAN DRUG DEPENDENCET32DA007242 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT &ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HEIL, SARAH H, HIGGINS, STEPHEN T · 1990 to 2025
$8.2M
Vermont Center on Behavior and HealthP30GM149331 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT & ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI Stephen T Higgins · 2023 to 2026
$5.6M
NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA007242NIDA NIH HHS U54 DA036114NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103644NIGMS NIH HHS P30 GM149331
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis study investigated rural disparities in cigarette smoking among U.S. women by age (18-65+ years) across survey years (2002-2022). METHODS, DATA SOURCE: Data came from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Women were categorized by rural-urban residence and age. We examined associations between residence, age, and time on current-smoking prevalence and quit ratios in two-year bins using weighted logistic-regression adjusting for race/ethnicity, education, annual income.

resultsEffects of residence on current-smoking prevalence interacted with time (t[df = 430,180] = 4.51, P < .001), with reductions over time among urban (AOR = 0.95, 95 %CI: 0.94-0.96, P < .001) but not rural residents (AOR = 0.99, 95 %CI: 0.98-1.01, P = .66). Residence interacted with age (t[df = 430,180] = -4.90, P < .001), with greater smoking among rural women in younger (AORs≥1.23, 95 %CI: 1.01-1.44, Ps ≤ 0.008), but not older age brackets (AORs ≤1.04, 95 %CI: 0.74-1.35, Ps ≥ 0.688). Rural residence predicted lower odds of quitting smoking (AOR = 0.80, 95 %CI: 0.71-0.91, P < .001).

conclusionsThere is a growing disparity in smoking prevalence that disproportionately impacts rural women ages 18-49 years raising concerns about multigenerational adverse effects as this demographic is most likely to be pregnant or parenting young children. There is also a rural disparity in quitting smoking across age groups underscoring a need for greater access to smoking-cessation services among rural women.

Indexed as

Cigarette SmokingHealth Status DisparitiesRural PopulationSmokingAdolescentAdultAgedAge FactorsFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPrevalenceSmoking CessationUnited StatesUrban PopulationYoung AdultChronological ageCigarette smokingPrevalenceQuit ratiosRural disparitiesTobacco controlTobacco regulatory scienceWomen

Identifiers

PMID40653176
PMCPMC12317656

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.