ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Fetal and Infant Growth and the Cardiovascular Stress Response in Adolescence: A Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study in a Pediatric Population-Based Cohort.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and the cardiovascular stress response in the adolescent offspring.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAbnormal birth weight and infant weight gain are recognized as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Exercise testing can detect subtle differences in cardiovascular function not present at rest. We examined associations of fetal and infant growth with the cardiovascular stress response in adolescence.
methodsWe examined a subsample of 207 children from a population-based prospective cohort from fetal life onwards. Fetal and infant growth were assessed from the second trimester to 2 years. At 16 years, participants performed an isometric handgrip exercise with continuous heart rate and blood pressure monitoring and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.
resultsChildren showed a clear peak in heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure during exercise, followed by a decrease below baseline after exercise cessation, before stabilizing. Higher gestational age was associated with lower systolic blood pressure throughout the exercise (differences per SD score increase in gestational age: rest, -2.24 mm Hg [95% CI, -4.23 to -0.25 mm Hg], peak exercise (-2.37 mm Hg [95% CI, -4.70 to -0.04 mm Hg]), recovery (-2.57 mm Hg [95% CI, -4.72 to -0.42 mm Hg])) but not with heart rate or CMR outcomes. No consistent associations were present for birth weight or infant growth with the cardiovascular stress response.
conclusionsA lower gestational age at birth is associated with an altered response to exercise in systolic blood pressure. Fetal or infant growth is not associated with differences in cardiovascular response to exercise-induced stress in adolescence in a relatively healthy population. Follow-up of children born preterm is important to enable early identification and prevention of cardiovascular disease development.
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