ReviewNeuroscience applied2024
Biomarkers associated with treatment outcome in young people with depression: A systematic review.
Review in Neuroscience applied, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Biomarkers for mood disorders: A scoping review of research from India.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2026Review
- Evaluating concurrency and gaps between self-report and vaccine card data for COVID-19 vaccination.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Role of depression-mediated alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines in carcinogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Studies in adults have identified potential biomarkers for therapeutic response in depression; however, less is known in the context of depression in young people. Understanding predictive biomarkers could improve treatment selection, considering the low treatment response rates in adolescents and young adults with depression. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cortisol, immune, and neural markers and treatment outcomes of psychotherapy or antidepressant treatment in young people with depression. We searched OVID Medline, EMBASE, Global Health, and PsycINFO for peer-reviewed studies investigating cortisol, immune and neuroimaging markers in adolescents diagnosed with MDD, ages 10-24, undergoing psychotherapy or antidepressant treatment. Of 25 included studies, 15 assessed neural markers, 8 assessed immune markers, 1 assessed cortisol markers, and 1 assessed neural and cortisol markers. Elevated cortisol response to stress was associated with greater symptom improvement following psychotherapy or antidepressant treatment. Findings regarding the impact of SSRIs on Interleukin (IL)- 1 beta, IL-4, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are inconsistent, suggesting a potential inflammatory subtype but also highlighting the need for further research. Increased activation and connectivity in brain regions involved in emotion regulation and decreased connectivity of the default mode network were associated with better treatment outcomes after psychotherapy and antidepressant treatment. Our results suggest that neural and immune markers might be involved in the treatment mechanisms through which depression improves. We identified several potential biomarkers associated with treatment outcomes; however, the heterogeneity among study designs and biomarker measurements was high. Future research should investigate biomarkers of differential treatment response, replicate existing studies and focus on predictive analyses of treatment outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.