Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40656590›Full record

ReviewClinical and experimental gastroenterology2025

Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Current Insights.

Abhinav Vayal-Veettil, C Prakash Gyawali

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical and experimental gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Abhinav Vayal-Veettil *Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-5363-879X
C Prakash Gyawali *Division of Gastroenterology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3388-0660

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) results from retrograde movement of gastric content into the esophagus and beyond, resulting in symptoms, mucosal injury and long-term complications. Typical symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation are highly suggestive of GERD, but atypical presentations require careful evaluation to rule out alternative diagnoses. Diagnostic modalities, including endoscopy, ambulatory reflux monitoring, and high-resolution manometry, play a pivotal role in confirming GERD and guiding personalized treatment. Management strategies consist of lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic therapy with anti-secretory agents, and adjunctive treatments such as alginates and baclofen. For refractory cases, surgical and endoscopic interventions offer durable symptom relief. Complications of GERD can be esophageal or extraesophageal, and highlight the importance of early diagnosis and effective management. The prognosis for GERD is generally favorable with appropriate treatment, although refractory cases require a tailored approach to address overlapping conditions such as disorders of gut-brain interaction and behavioral disorders. A multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach optimizes outcomes and improves the quality of life for individuals with GERD. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current insights into GERD, focusing on clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic options.

Indexed as

ambulatory reflux monitoringantireflux surgeryheartburnlaryngopharyngeal symptomspotassium-competitive acid blockersproton pump inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40656590
PMCPMC12255250

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.