Evidence mapPaperPMID 40657274Full record

ArticleInfection and drug resistance2025

Rapid Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Suppresses T Cell Pathological Proliferation and Improves Immune Recovery in People Living with HIV.

Jiahao Ji, Caiping Guo, Zhen Li, Miaotian Cai, Rui Wang, Xue Chen, Yulin Zhang, Hao Wu, Tong Zhang, Yang Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and drug resistance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Pathological Proliferation of CD4Infection and drug resistance · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Jiahao Ji *Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0006-8431-5465
Caiping Guo *Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Zhen Li *Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Miaotian CaiDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Rui WangCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Xue ChenCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Yulin ZhangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-1214-594X
Hao WuCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Tong ZhangCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
Yang ZhangCenter for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Initiating antiretroviral therapy promptly (rapid ART) is linked to better immune recovery in people with HIV (PWH), although its specific effects on immune dysregulation remain partially understood. We have discovered a "pathological proliferation" phenomenon, marked by T cell over-proliferation and exhaustion in PWH, potentially hindering full immune recovery. The objective of this research is to examine how rapid ART affects T-cell pathological proliferation, immune recovery, and systemic inflammation in PWH. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study (conducted at Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China, from April 1 to September 18, 2022), we recruited 39 PWH, including 23 in the rapid ART group (within 30 days) and 16 in the non-rapid ART group (after 180 days). Fasting venous blood samples were collected in the morning. Immune phenotypes of T cells were analyzed using mass cytometry and Luminex. Results: The rapid ART group demonstrated a significant decline in Ki67⁺ CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. Within this group, a higher percentage of naive T (T Conclusion: These findings suggest rapid ART may curb pathological T cell proliferation and improved immune recovery in PWH. Despite these benefits, persistent immune activation in some individuals highlights the need for targeted immune monitoring and potential adjunctive interventions to optimize long-term immune health in PWH.

Indexed as

HIVhuman immunodeficiency virusimmunological non-respondersINRspathological proliferationrapid ART

Identifiers

PMID40657274
PMCPMC12256052

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.