Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40657930›Full record

ArticleInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2025

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Older Adults With Olfactory Dysfunction.

Mark A Eckert, Judy R Dubno, Zachary M Soler, Rodney J Schlosser

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Older Adults With Olfactory Dysfunction.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mark A EckertDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Judy R DubnoDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2340-4721
Zachary M SolerDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
Rodney J SchlosserDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6480-0275

Funding

Olfactory Dysfunction in Aging AdultsR01DC019078 · NIDCD · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI SCHLOSSER, RODNEY JON · 2021 to 2025
$2.1M
NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC019078NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPoor vascular health has been associated with age-related declines in sensory functions, including olfaction. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that cerebral small vessel disease underlies poor olfactory function due to structural declines in brain regions that support olfaction.

methodsThis study included 166 older adults (mean age = 65.16, ±9.10 years; 68% female) whose olfactory function was measured using the Sniffin' Sticks test. Cerebral small vessel disease was defined as the volume of white matter hyperintensity (WMH) lesions that were measured in T2-weighted images. Morphometry analyses were also performed to identify cortical regions that were both disconnected by WMH and had lower cortical thickness in participants with relatively poor olfaction, and in comparison, to hearing difficulty that has also been linked to vascular disease. Self-reported hearing difficulty was measured using the Revised Hearing Handicap Inventory (RHHI).

resultsHigher WMH volume was significantly and uniquely associated with poorer olfactory function or more hearing difficulty (bivariate associations ps ≤ 0.001). Poorer olfactory function, but not more hearing difficulty, was significantly associated with evidence of disconnected cortex where there was also lower cortical thickness within olfactory cortex and other brain regions that support memory and executive functions. These effects appeared to occur with lower episodic memory and slower processing speed.

conclusionsTogether, the results indicate that small vessel disease increases the risk for olfactory or hearing difficulties, and that the former occurs with tissue losses that may explain, in part, why age-related olfactory dysfunction occurs with cognitive declines.

Indexed as

Cerebral Small Vessel DiseasesOlfaction DisordersAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedWhite Mattercognitioncortical disconnectioncortical thicknesshearing difficultysmall vessel diseasewhite matter hyperintensity

Identifiers

PMID40657930
PMCPMC12676660

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.