Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40658711›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Knockdown of USF1 and USF2 drives prolonged changes in the gene expression response of M12-5B3 cells to DNA damage.

Kimberly S Bellingham-Johnstun, Lisa A Metzger, Jennifer L Stone, Kevin Gerrish, Pierre R Bushel, Michael L Sikes

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kimberly S Bellingham-JohnstunDepartment of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
Lisa A MetzgerDepartment of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5213-8050
Jennifer L StoneDepartment of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
Kevin GerrishMolecular Genomics Core Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America.
Pierre R BushelBiostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America.
Michael L SikesDepartment of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-1961

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Therapeutic resistance remains a primary obstacle to curing cancer. Healthy cells exposed to genotoxic insult rapidly activate both p53-dependent and -independent non-genetic programs that pause the cell cycle and direct either DNA repair or apoptosis. Cancer cells exploit these same pathways as they respond to stresses induced by cancer therapies. In this study, we investigated a potential role for upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) and USF2 in the p53-independent response of lymphoma cells to genotoxic therapy. We previously found that lymphocytes utilize the responsiveness of USF1 to double-stranded DNA breaks to coordinate T cell receptor beta (Tcrb) gene expression during V(D)J recombination. Here, microarray gene expression analysis of derivatives of the p53-deficient mouse B lymphoma cell line, M12, revealed that simultaneously depleting cells of both USF1 and USF2 altered the expression of 940 gene transcripts (>1.50-fold change, < 0.05 FDR), relative to cells expressing a scrambled control shRNA. Seven days after exposure to a single sublethal (5 Gy) dose of ionizing radiation, USF-depleted (USFKD) cells exhibited widespread and distinct transcriptional responses from those of irradiated controls (5035 and 5054 differentially expressed gene transcripts, respectively, with roughly half shared between both cell types). Gene ontology analyses revealed that USF knockdown induced numerous changes in the expression of genes critical for immune development and function while diminishing the responsiveness of genes linked to DNA damage pathways. Microarray findings were confirmed by RT-qPCR for a panel of genes responsive to USF knockdown and/or irradiation. These findings shed further light on transcriptional responses to ionizing radiation that manifest over time in transformed cells, identifying a novel p53-independent role in lymphocytic DNA damage stress responses for USF.

Indexed as

DNA DamageGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticUpstream Stimulatory FactorsAnimalsCell Line, TumorGene Expression ProfilingGene Knockdown TechniquesMiceTumor Suppressor Protein p53Tumor Suppressor Protein p53Upstream Stimulatory Factors

Identifiers

PMID40658711
PMCPMC12258588

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.