Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40659409›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2025

Correlation between fatigue and pulmonary involvement in the post-COVID-19 condition: a cross-sectional study 6-12 months after hospital discharge.

Mateus Satoru Kajiwara, Celina Almeida Lamas, Luis Augusto Visani de Luna, Thais Suemi Yokoyama, Pedro Rizzi de Oliveira, Rodrigo Caruso Chate, Marcio Valente Yamada Sawamura, Marta Imamura, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho, João Marcos Salge and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Mateus Satoru KajiwaraInstituto do Coração, Divisão de Pneumologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Celina Almeida LamasInstituto do Coração, Divisão de Pneumologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Luis Augusto Visani de LunaInstituto do Coração, Divisão de Pneumologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Thais Suemi YokoyamaInstituto do Coração, Divisão de Pneumologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Pedro Rizzi de OliveiraInstituto do Coração, Divisão de Pneumologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1991-1571
Rodrigo Caruso ChateInstituto de Radiologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Marcio Valente Yamada SawamuraInstituto de Radiologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Marta ImamuraDepartment of Legal Medicine, Bioethics, Occupational Medicine and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de CarvalhoInstituto do Coração, Divisão de Pneumologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil carlos.carvalho@hc.fm.usp.br.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1618-8509
João Marcos SalgeInstituto do Coração, Divisão de Pneumologia, Universidade de São Paulo Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
HCFMUSP COVID-19 task force

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPost-COVID-19 conditions (PCC) may include pulmonary sequelae, fatigue and other symptoms, but its mechanisms are not fully elucidated.

objectiveThis study investigated the correlation between fatigue and the presence of pulmonary abnormalities in PCC patients with respiratory involvement 6-12 months after hospitalisation.

designCross-sectional study.

settingA tertiary hospital in Brazil.

participants315 patients, aged ≥18 years, were considered eligible based on SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR.

methodsPulmonary function tests (PFT), cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET), chest CT and hand grip were performed. The following scales were applied: Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) scale, Euroqol 5 Dimensions quality of life (EQ-5D) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants were divided between the fatigue group (FACIT-F≤30) and the non-fatigue group (FACIT-F>30). For the statistical analysis, the primary outcome was the difference in the diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) between groups. Considered secondary outcomes were differences in PFT, CPET, chest CT, hand grip, EQ-5D and HADS.

resultsThe fatigue group had 81 patients (25.7%) against 234 (74.3%). PFT and CPET showed no significant difference in DLCO and oxygen consumption peak values between groups. The fatigue group had a lower workload (mean 55.3±21.3 watts vs 66.5±23.2 watts, p=0.003), higher breathing reserve (median 41.9% (33.8-52.5) vs 37.7% (28.9-47.1), p=0.028) and lower prevalence of ground glass opacity (60.8% vs 77.7%, p=0.003) and reticulation (36.7% vs 54.9%, p=0.005) in chest CT. The fatigue group had higher anxiety (57% vs 24%, p<0.001), depression (50.6% vs 13.6%, p<0.001), lower health-related quality of life (median 50 (32-63) vs 80 (61.3-88.3), p<0.001) and lower hand grip strength (median 15.8 (6-21) kgf vs 21 (12.1-30) kgf, p<0.001).

conclusionFatigue in patients with PCC 6-12 months after hospitalisation is relatively common and had weak correlation with pulmonary disorders. Our results suggested fatigue could be strongly related with peripheral disorders such as reduced musculoskeletal strength or psychosocial limitations.

Indexed as

COVID-19FatigueAdultAgedBrazilCross-Sectional StudiesExercise TestFemaleHand StrengthHumansLungMaleMiddle AgedPatient DischargeQuality of LifeRespiratory Function TestsCOVID-19FatigueMedicinePost-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

Identifiers

PMID40659409
PMCPMC12258267

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.