Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40660129›Full record

ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2025

Behavioral and demographic associations of optimal glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sri Lanka: a multicenter study.

Warsha De Zoysa, Thilak Priyantha Weerarathna, Ipitagama Liyana Arachchige Nuwan Darshana, Udari Kaushalya Egodage, Priyamali Jayasekara, Vathulan Sujanitha, Shehan Silva, Chamila Mettananda, Manoji Pathirage, Udayangani Ramadasa and 3 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Warsha De ZoysaDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka. warshadez@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-9806
Thilak Priyantha WeerarathnaDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka.
Ipitagama Liyana Arachchige Nuwan DarshanaDepartment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka.
Udari Kaushalya EgodageDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka.
Priyamali JayasekaraFaculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defense University, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Vathulan SujanithaFaculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna, Jaffna, Sri Lanka.
Shehan SilvaFaculty of Medicine, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Boralesgamuwa, Sri Lanka.
Chamila MettanandaFaculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka.
Manoji PathirageFaculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.
Udayangani RamadasaFaculty of Medicine, University of Sabaragamuwa, Rathnapura, Sri Lanka.
Dhammika Randula PalangasingheDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka.
Keddagoda Gamage Piyumi WasanaDepartment of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, CINEC Campus, Malabe, Sri Lanka.
Sahan MendisDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle, Sri Lanka.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an escalating global public health concern. Effective management of T2DM needs a holistic approach, considering not only the medical interventions but also demographic and behavioral factors. This multicenter study aims to investigate the association between optimal glycemic control and demographic and behavioral factors among patients with T2DM followed up in outpatient clinics of tertiary care hospitals across Sri Lanka.

methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out involving T2DM patients (n = 2013) visiting outpatient clinics at seven tertiary care facilities across five provinces in Sri Lanka. Information related to sociodemographic and behavioral factors was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. HbA

resultsOut of the total sample, 99.1% were on pharmacological treatment for T2DM while the minority were solely on dietary management. The optimal glycemic control had been achieved by 43.4%. Female gender (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.18-2.05), younger age group (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.06-1.82), non-Sinhalese ethnicities (aOR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.77), inadequate adherence to antidiabetic medication (aOR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.31-2.24), longer disease duration (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.13-2.02), being treated with insulin (aOR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.77-4.41), and daily alcohol use (aOR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.19-4.32) were identified as risk factors for inadequate glycemic control in multiple logistic regression.

conclusionOver 50% of individuals demonstrated suboptimal glycemic control. It is recommended to implement targeted interventions for specific subgroups to address distinct demographic and behavioral factors to achieve optimal glycemic control and clinical outcomes for diabetes patients in Sri Lanka.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glycemic ControlAdultAgedBlood GlucoseCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisSri LankaBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanHypoglycemic AgentsBehavioral factorsDemographic factorsGlycemic controlSri LankaType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID40660129
PMCPMC12257799

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.