Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40660433›Full record

SynthesisAnti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry2026

The Safety and Efficacy of Anti-LAG-3 for Patients with Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study.

Negar Nejati, Behrouz Robat-Jazi, Kianmehr Saleh, Mohsen Dashti, Ali Zand, Parsa Lorestani, Shaghayegh Karami, Majed Bahri Najafi, Parvaneh Rastgou, Fatemeh Rahimikia and 3 more

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Negar NejatiPediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Centre, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Behrouz Robat-JaziResearch Center for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Kianmehr SalehCancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Mohsen DashtiImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Ali ZandSchool of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Parsa LorestaniStudents Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Shaghayegh KaramiSchool of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Majed Bahri NajafiApplied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Parvaneh RastgouSchool of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Fatemeh RahimikiaIranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mohammad Amin HabibiClinical Research Development Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Maryam BarkhordarCell Therapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Research Institute for Oncology, Hematology, and Cell Therapy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Farhad Jadidi-NiaraghImmunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.ORCID 0000-0002-4641-882X

Funding

Tabriz University of Medical Sciences 72829
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMelanoma, an aggressive skin cancer, has seen treatment advancements with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) like ipilimumab and nivolumab. Despite improved survival rates, resistance remains a challenge. The recent focus on lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3) inhibitors, such as relatlimab, shows promise in combination therapies, potentially improving outcomes with fewer adverse effects. This review evaluates the safety and efficacy of anti-LAG-3 antibodies in melanoma treatment.

methodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis, following the PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024565756), assessed anti-LAG-3 antibodies in melanoma treatment. A thorough search across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science up to January 2024 yielded relevant studies. Data on study characteristics, patient demographics, disease characteristics, treatment details, and clinical outcomes were extracted. Quality assessment was performed using the MINOR criteria. The meta-analysis, using STATA and random- effects models, addressed heterogeneity to determine safety and efficacy outcomes.

resultsWe examined the clinical benefit of this combination therapeutic approach by measuring several primary endpoints and running a meta-analysis to determine the pooled estimate of 6-month progression-free survival (PFS), 1-year PFS, 6-month duration of response (DoR), 1-year DoR, 1-year overall survival (OS), 2-year OS, partial response (PR), complete response (CR), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), stable disease (SD), and progressive disease (PD) for patients diagnosed with melanoma. Our analysis showed 66% of any grade treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) (95% CI: 51%-81%), 19% of grade ≥ 3 trAEs (95% CI: 11%- 27%), 12% of any grade AEs leading to discontinuation (95% CI: 9%-14%), and 8% of grade ≥ 3 AEs leading to discontinuation (95% CI: 6%-10%). 76% of any grade overall AEs (95% CI: 34%-100%), and 33% of grade ≥ 3 overall AEs (95% CI: 15%-50%). The most common AEs were fatigue, pneumonitis, rash, pruritus, colitis, hepatitis, diarrhea, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and adrenal insufficiency. DISCUSSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis provide comprehensive evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of anti-LAG-3 antibodies in melanoma therapy. Pooled data reveals encouraging outcomes across several key endpoints, including PFS, OS, and ORR. While trAEs were common (66% for any grade and 19% for grade ≥3), most were manageable.

conclusionAnti-LAG-3 therapy is an active and safe treatment that shows promising results in melanoma treatment.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLymphocyte Activation Gene 3 ProteinMelanomaSkin NeoplasmsHumansAntineoplastic AgentsImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsLag3 protein, humanLymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Proteinanti-LAG-3immune checkpoint inhibitorsimmunotherapyMelanomanivolumabrelatlimab

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.