Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40660684›Full record

ArticleClinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology2025

Transforming Growth Factor-β Serum Levels Associated with Social Function in Subjects at Ultra-high Risk for Psychosis: A Multicenter Study.

Yuji Yamada, Naoko Kishimoto, Hiromi Tagata, Tsubasa Morimoto, Kazuho Tomimoto, Yutaro Sato, Yuko Higuchi, Hiroshi Hiejima, Hayato Ohshima, Takao Kato and 16 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Yuji YamadaDepartment of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-1635
Naoko KishimotoDepartment of Health Science, Osaka International University Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
Hiromi TagataDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Tsubasa MorimotoDepartment of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9618-9124
Kazuho TomimotoDepartment of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
Yutaro SatoDepartment of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
Yuko HiguchiDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3038-4813
Hiroshi HiejimaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Hayato OhshimaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Takao KatoDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Mari S ObaDepartment of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8374-8038
Shoki IzumiDepartment of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Yui TomoDepartment of Clinical Data Science, Clinical Research & Education Promotion Division, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8397-9452
Shingo KitamuraDepartment of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9607-1812
Andrew StickleyDepartment of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Toshifumi KishimotoDepartment of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Nara, Japan.
Takahiro NemotoDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7318-7377
Masafumi MizunoTokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroaki TomitaDepartment of Psychiatry, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2628-880X
Michio SuzukiDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan.
Motohiro OzoneDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Kenji HashimotoDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8892-0439
Kazuo MishimaDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1182-1181
Takashi OhnishiMedical Affairs Division, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-0736
Kazuyuki NakagomeDepartment of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-8180
Tomiki SumiyoshiDepartment of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9629-1671

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Schizophrenia mainly begins in adolescence and leads to impairments of social functioning. Alterations in the immune system, as represented by cytokine levels, has been linked to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Among a variety of cytokines, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a role in several neural events, e.g., neurogenesis and synapse formation. To date, few studies have evaluated the relationship between cytokine concentrations and social functioning in subjects with ultra-high-risk state for psychosis (UHR). In this study, we investigated the ability of serum levels of TGF-β to predict the change of social functioning in UHR subjects. Methods: Fifty-two UHR subjects were recruited at 7 hospitals. We measured social function with the Specific Levels of Functioning scale (SLOF) at baseline, 4, 16, 28, 40, and 52 weeks after sampling blood to measure TGF-β levels. Results: TGF-β1 concentration at baseline was correlated with changes from baseline in the SLOF scores at 4, 28, and 40 weeks. Mixed model for repeated measures analyses revealed that serum levels of TGF-β1 at baseline associated positively with changes from baseline in the SLOF scores, which was most evident at the 40-week time point. Conclusion: These results suggest that peripheral levels of TGF-β1 might be associated with longitudinal course of functional outcomes in UHR subjects.

Indexed as

At-risk mental stateCytokinesFirst episode psychosisFunctional outcomesSchizophrenia

Identifiers

PMID40660684
PMCPMC12264678

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.