ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025
Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol predicts cardiovascular risk better than remnant cholesterol in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lipid-based atherogenic indices and their relationship with cardiovascular disease risk in an African population of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Cardiovascular diabetology. Endocrinology reports · 2026Article
- Non-HDL to HDL cholesterol ratio and coronary outcomes in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional and prospective NHANES analysis.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) and remnant cholesterol (RC) have emerged as promising markers of atherogenic risk, but their comparative predictive performance remains uncertain, particularly in resource-limited settings. Objective: This study evaluated the predictive value of non-HDL-c and RC for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and associated inflammatory and metabolic disturbances in T2DM patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 154 T2DM patients attending the outpatient diabetic clinic at the Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital, Ghana. Non-HDL-c and RC were calculated from fasting lipid profiles. The TyG index was used as a surrogate for insulin resistance. ASCVD risk was assessed using the Framingham risk score. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were performed to assess predictive utility. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on BMI, hypertension, and TyG index. Results: Non-HDL-C was significantly associated with higher ASCVD risk and elevated hs-CRP and resistin levels, while RC showed weaker, non-significant associations. Non-HDL-c had a higher AUC (0.78 vs. 0.62), sensitivity, and specificity. Nearly half of participants (49.4%) had elevated TyG index (>8.7). Non-HDL-C consistently outperformed RC across subgroups. Conclusion: Non-HDL-c is a stronger and more practical predictor of ASCVD risk than RC in T2DM patients, particularly in settings with limited access to advanced lipid testing. Its use alongside the TyG index offers a cost-effective approach for enhancing cardiovascular risk stratification in diabetes care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.