Observational studyAnnals of medicine2025
Insulin resistance factors associated with differentiated thyroid carcinoma and malignant cytology: serum thyroxine as an associated factor.
Observational study in Annals of medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- A study on the correlation of thyroid nodules with METS-IR and SII in a population undergoing health checkups.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundFactors related to cardiovascular risk and insulin sensitivity seem to be related to the increase in the number of thyroid cancer (TC) diagnosis, but there is a lack of studies to corroborate these hypotheses.
methodsThis observational and cross-sectional study evaluated ultrasonographic, clinical, cytological and anatomopathological characteristics of thyroid nodules (TN) related with factors indicative of cardiovascular risk (CVR), serum lipids, and glucose profiles through medical records, and interviews during routine medical consultation.
resultsThe study included 160 TN patients, 85.53% women, 41.3% with obesity, 24.18% with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 63.4% with arterial hypertension, 9.15% with previous CVR, 38.16% with dyslipidemia. 38.5% had Papillary TC, 8.5% Follicular TC. Regarding cytology categories (Bethesda,B), 34.64% BII, 8.5% BIII, 11.11% BIV, 26.8% BV, 8.5% BVI. Microcalcifications were associated with higher Framingham and ASCVD CVR Scores, fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin. BII TN had lower fasting glucose; BIII greater glycated hemoglobin; and BIV higher both CVR scores. Framingham Score was lower in papillary TC, abdominal waist was lower in follicular TC. Higher FT4 increased 4.7 times the chance of malignant cytology. Higher HDL was an associated factor for malignant cytology (OR = 1.064) and higher FT4 for Differentiated TC (OR = 7.409).
conclusionTN with greater malignant potential on ultrasound and cytology were associated with greater CVR and altered glucose metabolism. Larger goiters and multiple nodules were related to factors indicative of insulin resistance. Malignant cytology was related to hormonal factors that induce greater cell replication, such as thyroxine and insulin resistance.
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