ReviewArquivos de neuro-psiquiatria2025
The costs and benefits of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a review and social network analysis.
Review in Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Clinical Utility ofGenes · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Levodopa has been considered the best treatment option. However, deep brain stimulation (DBS) use has increased over time, mostly when levodopa-related complications arise.To review the current evidence regarding economic evaluations assessing costs and benefits comparing pharmacological versus surgical treatment among subjects with PD.We searched three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar) for studies comparing levodopa treatment and DBS among subjects with PD in terms of costs and benefits from therapy.Out of the 107 studies identified, 14 met the inclusion criteria. Most of the published studies were from Europe. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios have shown variable results, from -€979 to €6,729 per change of 1 point in the score on part III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS III), while incremental cost-utility ratios depict values as low as €6,700 and as high as $704,906.03 per quality-adjusted life-years (QALY).We observed a higher cost during the 1
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.