Evidence mapPaperPMID 40677296Full record

ReviewIntegrative medicine research2025

Traditional Chinese medicine therapies for insomnia: An umbrella review and evidence map.

Jinxiang Wang, Bing Bai, Ranran Zhu, Xintong Yu, Xiaoting Xu, Xiaomin Tu, Lei Fang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Integrative medicine research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jinxiang WangYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
Bing BaiSchool of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
Ranran ZhuSchool of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
Xintong YuYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
Xiaoting XuInstitute of TCM International Standardization, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
Xiaomin TuSchool of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
Lei FangYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: An increasing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SR/MAs) suggests traditional Chinese medicine therapies are effective for insomnia. We aimed to synthesize and evaluate the methodological quality of these studies through an umbrella review with an evidence map for improving evidence quality. Methods: We searched 10 databases from inception to March 20, 2025, that investigated the effects of TCM therapies on sleep-related subjective or objective outcomes for insomnia. We assessed the methodological quality of included SR/MAs using A Measurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2) tool, evaluated the certainty of evidence with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool, and visually presented the results as an evidence map. Results: Thirty-six SR/MAs included in this umbrella review described 3 TCM non-pharmacotherapies (i.e., acupuncture, Tuina massage, and Chinese exercises), and Chinese herbal medicine (CHM). The AMSTAR 2 results showed that 20 SR/MAs had high or moderate methodological quality, while the remaining studies were of low or critically low methodological quality. The evidence map showed high-quality SR/MAs supported the effect of acupuncture, Tuina massage, Chinese exercises, and CHM on overall sleep quality, while acupuncture, Tuina massage, and Chinese exercises could also improve anxiety and depression. Moreover, acupuncture and Tuina massage might improve objective outcomes such as polysomnography parameters and 5-hydroxytryptamine level. Conclusions: Acupuncture, Tuina massage, and Chinese exercises are effective in improving overall sleep quality and emotional outcomes and have potential effects on objective sleep parameters. There is sufficient evidence that several CHM formulas could improve sleep quality. However, the methodological quality of SR/MAs needs further improvement. Protocol registration: PROSPERO, CRD42022347769.

Indexed as

Evidence mapInsomniaTraditional Chinese medicineUmbrella review

Identifiers

PMID40677296
PMCPMC12269391

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.