Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40677465›Full record

ReviewCureus2025

Efficacy of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Anas E Ahmed, Nawaf S Alhufayyan, Hadeel F Qadri, Anas F Atiah, Wedad M Alhazmi, Nadim T Alhazemi, Hussam A Zalah, Fahad M Nasser, Rana M Monajid, Massarah G Aljuhani

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Anas E AhmedCommunity Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.
Nawaf S AlhufayyanInternal Medicine, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, SAU.
Hadeel F QadriInternal Medicine, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, SAU.
Anas F AtiahInternal Medicine, King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, SAU.
Wedad M AlhazmiFamily Medicine, Jazan Health Cluster, Jazan, SAU.
Nadim T AlhazemiCollege of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.
Hussam A ZalahCollege of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.
Fahad M NasserCollege of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jazan, SAU.
Rana M MonajidMedicine and Surgery, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, SAU.
Massarah G AljuhaniCollege of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, EGY.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common comorbidity in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), contributing to increased liver-related complications and cardiovascular risk. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have emerged as potential treatments offering benefits for both metabolic and liver-related outcomes. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors in improving hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes, glycemic control, and liver histology in patients with T2DM and NAFLD. The review was conducted using a structured methodology, including systematic database searches and risk of bias assessments. Included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigated various SGLT2 inhibitors, such as dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, ertugliflozin, and ipragliflozin. Most studies showed significant reductions in liver fat content, improvements in serum liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT)), and favorable effects on blood pressure, triglycerides, and body composition. Glycemic control markers, including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose, and insulin resistance indices, also improved. One biopsy-based study demonstrated histological improvements, including reduced fibrosis and resolution of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). No serious adverse events were reported. These findings suggest SGLT2 inhibitors may offer dual benefits for managing both diabetes and fatty liver disease. Further long-term studies focusing on liver histology as a primary endpoint are needed to confirm these effects.

Indexed as

glycemic controlhepatic steatosisinsulin resistanceliver enzymesliver fatnafldnonalcoholic steatohepatitisrandomized controlled trialssglt2 inhibitorstype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID40677465
PMCPMC12270511

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.