Evidence mapPaperPMID 40681702Full record

SynthesisPediatric research2025

Nutrition interventions in the first 1000 days and long-term health outcomes: a systematic review.

Anna Xu, Kathrin Guerlich, Berthold Koletzko, Veit Grote

Erratum issuedAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Pediatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Anna XuDivision of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.
Kathrin GuerlichDivision of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.
Berthold KoletzkoDivision of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany. berthold.koletzko@med.uni-muenchen.de.
Veit GroteDivision of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospital, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNutrition in early life can influence health in later life. This systematic review evaluated the impact of nutrition intervention programs in the first 1000 days of life on long-term cardio-metabolic, respiratory, and mental health and dietary behaviour in children.

methodsRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) from high-income countries were searched in four databases and two trial registries in March 2020, and updated in November 2022. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and certainty of results using the GRADE considerations. Results were synthesized narratively.

resultsSixty-three articles covering 20 interventions were included. Most interventions began in early infancy (<6 months of age), lasted 12-36 months and had follow-ups under five years. Initial results showed some positive impact of interventions on cardio-metabolic health (three RCTs). No effect was found on mental health (four RCTs), while no RCT reported on respiratory health. Interventions showed some improvements on dietary behaviour, with mixed results across studies.

conclusionTrials on early nutritional interventions seldom report health outcomes with long-term follow-ups. There is some evidence of a positive impact on cardio-metabolic health and dietary behaviour. IMPACT: In the assessed studies, nutritional interventions in the first 1000 days of life mainly had short follow-ups and reported heterogeneous outcomes. There was some evidence that nutritional interventions can improve children's dietary behaviour and cardio-metabolic health, while there was no effect on mental health. We provide a systematic review on the impact of early nutrition intervention programs on long-term health outcomes in children showing research gaps for intervention studies with long-term and clinically relevant outcomes. Understanding the effectiveness and implementation of early nutritional interventions provides insights for preventative population health and affects future intervention planning.

Indexed as

Infant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaChildChild, PreschoolFeeding BehaviorHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMental HealthNutritional StatusRandomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Identifiers

PMID40681702
PMCPMC12811146

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.