Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40682196›Full record

ReviewJournal of cardiothoracic surgery2025

Research progress on macrophages in cardiovascular diseases.

Minyan Zhu, Hongmei Zhou, Lei Zhou, Yaping Yang, Rong Chen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of cardiothoracic surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Minyan Zhu *Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.899, Pinghai Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Hongmei Zhou *Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.366, Taihu Road, Medical High-Tech District, Taizhou, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.
Lei Zhou *The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.499, Jincheng Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Yaping YangDepartment of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.899, Pinghai Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Rong ChenDepartment of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.899, Pinghai Road, Gusu District, Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. 498338436@qq.com.

Funding

China International Medical Foundation (Z-2021-46-2101-2023)Graduate education reform achievement award cultivation project of Soochow University (202406)National Natural Science Foundation of China (8237130251)'National Tutor System' Project for Key Young Health Talents of Suzhou (2021002)Wu Jieping Medical Foundation (320.6750.2023-25-9)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

OBJECTIVE AND

designCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death worldwide, imposing a great burden on society. In recent years, macrophages have garnered widespread attention in CVD research. Macrophages are an important component of the body's immune system, playing a critical role in clearing pathogens, repairing damaged tissues, and regulating inflammatory responses, have the potential to serve as a potential target for the treatment of CVD. MATERIALS AND

methodsTo make up this review, studies covering Macrophage subtypes and signaling pathways, CVD were selected from the main medical databases.

conclusionIn CVD, macrophages can differentiate into different phenotypes(M1, M2, M4, et al.) according to their microenvironment by their plasticity and heterogeneity, release different cytokines, are regulated by multiple signaling pathways(PI3K/Akt, TLR4, TGF-β/Smads, et al.), and play other functions in CVD. M1 initiates and maintains inflammation by secreting pro-inflammatory factors, and M2 participates in the regression of inflammation and tissue repair by secreting anti-inflammatory factors. Therefore, by regulating the signaling pathway, it reduces the aggregation of macrophages, promotes the polarization of macrophages to M2, or restores M1/M2 homeostasis to improve the inflammatory microenvironment and delay CVD progression.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesMacrophagesHumansInflammationSignal TransductionCardiovascular diseasesMacrophagesMechanism of actionPhenotypes

Identifiers

PMID40682196
PMCPMC12272989

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.