Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40684199›Full record

ArticleLipids in health and disease2025

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, particles and subspecies and the risk of chronic kidney disease: The PREVEND prospective study.

Setor K Kunutsor, Margery A Connelly, Stephan J L Bakker, Robin P F Dullaart

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lipids in health and disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Setor K KunutsorSection of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R2H 2A6, Canada. skk31@cantab.net.
Margery A Connelly, Labcorp, Morrisville, NC, USA.
Stephan J L BakkerDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Robin P F DullaartDivision of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationships between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL particle concentration (HDL-P), and HDL subspecies with the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have not been well characterized. This study aimed to examine these associations and evaluate the role of alcohol consumption as a potential confounder or effect modifier.

methodsData was analyzed from 4,179 individuals (mean age: 52 years; 47.6% male) participating in the PREVEND cohort. Baseline measurements included HDL-P and its subfractions (small, medium, and large), quantified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and self-reported alcohol intake. Incident CKD was defined using criteria from the KDIGO guidelines. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each HDL metric per 1 standard deviation (SD) increment.

resultsOver a median follow-up of 8.3 years, 565 participants developed CKD. After adjusting for multiple confounders, including alcohol use, HDL-P, medium HDL, and H3P showed modest inverse associations with CKD risk, with adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of 0.90 (0.83-0.98), 0.91 (0.83-1.00), and 0.90 (0.82-0.99), respectively. Conversely, H7P was positively associated with CKD risk (HR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00-1.22). Significant interactions with sex were observed for medium HDL, small HDL, and H1P. Alcohol intake neither significantly modified the associations nor showed a direct relationship with CKD risk.

conclusionsThis study suggests distinct associations of HDL parameters with CKD risk as well as sex differences in the associations of these parameters with CKD risk. The findings underscore the heterogeneity of HDL subspecies and the need to consider sex-specific differences in future studies. Alcohol consumption had no impact on these associations.

Indexed as

Cholesterol, HDLRenal Insufficiency, ChronicAdultAgedAlcohol DrinkingFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsCholesterol, HDLAlcohol consumptionChronic kidney diseaseCohort studyHDL

Identifiers

PMID40684199
PMCPMC12275243

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.