ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Anti-HBV treatment partially restores the dysfunction of innate immune cells and unconventional T cells during chronic HBV infection.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular insights into the mechanisms of occult hepatitis B virus infection.Archives of virology · 2026Review
- [The Influence of Hepatitis B Virus on Sex Hormone Levels and Quality of Life in Female Hepatitis B Patients With Different Alanine Aminotransferase States].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell-Based Therapies for Liver Regeneration: Current Status and Future Directions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Hepatic Viral Reservoirs in Concurrent HIV and HBV: From Mechanistic Insight to Integrated Cure Strategies.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Immune correlates of outcomes after nucleos(t)ide analogue withdrawal in chronic hepatitis B: direct evidence, mechanistic context, and candidate biomarkers.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms and management of pegylated interferon-α toxicity in chronic hepatitis B.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Soluble Programmed Cell Death-1: A Potential Predictor of HBsAg Loss in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Undergoing Peginterferon Therapy.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2025Article
- Unveiling low level viremia in chronic hepatitis B: challenges and new horizons.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the successful implementation of prophylactic vaccines, hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to affect over 350 million individuals globally. It remains a predominant etiology of end-stage liver pathologies, including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While nucleos(t)ide analog (NUC) therapies effectively suppress viral replication, functional cure is achieved in less than 1% of patients annually. Given that viral clearance fundamentally requires reconstitution of antiviral immunity, emerging therapeutic paradigms necessitate combinatorial strategies integrating direct-acting antiviral agents with immunomodulatory interventions. Substantial research efforts have been directed toward elucidating the immunological mechanisms underlying HBV persistence during chronic infection. This review systematically summarizes the functional impairment of innate immune populations and unconventional T cell subsets across distinct clinical phases of chronic HBV infection, and characterizes longitudinal immune reconstitution patterns following antiviral treatments. Our review identifies potential immunological biomarkers and provides a mechanistic framework for developing targeted immunotherapies to achieve durable HBV control.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.