ReviewCureus2025
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review.
Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex syndrome characterized by impaired ventricular filling and increased heart failure hospitalizations. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have demonstrated cardiovascular and renal benefits in various heart failure populations, but their effects on HFpEF remain an area of growing interest. This study aims to evaluate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on key clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF, including cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, exercise capacity, symptoms (as measured by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ)), kidney disease progression, and other renal outcomes. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, sotagliflozin, canagliflozin, and ertugliflozin) in HFpEF patients was conducted. This systematic review was conducted per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) principles. The literature was searched using open-access, full-text English papers from January 2015 to April 2025 across PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 108 articles were retrieved through the initial search. After screening and checking for eligibility according to the pre-specified inclusion criteria, the methodological quality was assessed in 17 included studies using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) score. The MMAT Score 4 indicates a medium risk of bias (ROB), and the MMAT Score 5 indicates a low ROB. Ten studies had low ROB and were classified as "high quality." Seven had uncertain ROB, lowering the evidence by one point to "moderate quality," while one study had a high ROB. SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with significant reductions in cardiovascular death and heart failure-related hospitalizations. Improvements in KCCQ total symptom scores were observed, indicating enhanced patient-reported outcomes. The renal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors were evident, with a reduction in kidney disease progression and a marked decrease in cardiovascular-related renal outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.