Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40694095›Full record

ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026

Alginate/Arabic gum-chitosan-encapsulated Bacillus subtilis enhances probiotic viability and alleviates liver injury and fibrosis in cholestatic rats.

Mahla Ghanbari, Mitra Motallebi, Merat Karimi, Esmat Aghadavood, Maryam Akhavan Taheri, Sahar Ahmadi Asouri, Siavash Amiri, Hamed Mirzaei, Mohammad Esmaeil Shahaboddin

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mahla GhanbariDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Pezeshk Blvd, Qotbe Ravandi Blvd, P.O. Box: 8715973449, Kashan, Iran.
Mitra MotallebiInfectious Disease Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Merat KarimiInstitute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
Esmat AghadavoodDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Pezeshk Blvd, Qotbe Ravandi Blvd, P.O. Box: 8715973449, Kashan, Iran.
Maryam Akhavan TaheriAnatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Sahar Ahmadi AsouriDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Pezeshk Blvd, Qotbe Ravandi Blvd, P.O. Box: 8715973449, Kashan, Iran.
Siavash AmiriDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Pezeshk Blvd, Qotbe Ravandi Blvd, P.O. Box: 8715973449, Kashan, Iran.
Hamed MirzaeiResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Mohammad Esmaeil ShahaboddinResearch Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. shahaboddin@kaums.ac.ir.

Funding

Kashan University of Medical Sciences 401145
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of encapsulated Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) on liver injury and fibrosis in a cholestatic rat model. Probiotics like B. subtilis have shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but their efficacy is reduced by the harsh gastrointestinal tract (GIT) environment. Some studies have shown that encapsulation using a combination of alginate, Arabic gum, and chitosan can improve probiotic viability and promote controlled release in the intestine. In this study, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: healthy control, cholestasis control, probiotic, free capsule, and encapsulated probiotic, to evaluate the protective effects of the encapsulated probiotic against cholestasis-induced damage. Encapsulated B. subtilis with the dosage of 3 × 10

Indexed as

AlginatesBacillus subtilisChitosanCholestasisGum ArabicLiver CirrhosisProbioticsAnimalsCytokinesDisease Models, AnimalLiverMaleRatsRats, WistarAlginatesChitosanCytokinesGum ArabicBacillus subtilisCholestasisEncapsulationInflammationLiver fibrosisOxidative stressProbiotic

Identifiers

PMID40694095

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.