ArticleMedicine international
Malignant transformations in mature cystic teratomas: A case report and literature review.
Article in Medicine international. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Case Report: Mature cystic teratoma of the diaphragm in an adult male: a rare case and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Testicular teratomas, although generally benign, may rarely undergo malignant transformation into somatic cancers, most notably, adenocarcinomas. The incidence of malignancy transformation in ovarian teratomas is well-established at ~2%; however, it is extremely uncommon for testicular and extragonadal teratomas to undergo such transformations. The present study describes a unique case of a testicular teratoma that underwent malignant transformation into mucinous adenocarcinoma. The pathophysiology underlying testicular teratoma transformation remains incompletely understood, with several mechanisms proposed, including the malignancy of totipotent embryonal carcinoma cells or the malignant differentiation of mature teratomatous elements. Additionally, secondary malignancy, often induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy, is also a contributing factor in certain cases. Immunohistochemical analyses play a crucial role in diagnosing these rare malignancies, with markers such as CDX2, CK20 and CK7 helping to differentiate the adenocarcinoma phenotypes. Despite the rarity of such cases, it is imperative to recognize the potential for aggressive progression, particularly when adenocarcinoma is involved, as these cases require intensive management, including chemotherapy and, sometimes, surgical intervention. The present study emphasizes how crucial early discovery is for improving prognosis and treatment results for individuals with malignant transformation of testicular teratomas, as well as the value of a multidisciplinary approach. Given the limited number of reported cases and lack of standardized management guidelines, the timely documentation and analysis of such rare presentations are essential to guide future clinical decision-making.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.