Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40700074›Full record

ArticlePathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology2025

Crack Cocaine Smoke Induces Tissue Degeneration in Rat Submandibular Glands by Toll-like Signaling Pathway.

Lorrany da Silva Avanci, Daniel Vitor de Souza, Gabriel Carvalhal de Aguiar, Thiago Guedes Pinto, Barbara Dos Anjos Rosario, Milena de Barros Viana, Yasmin Alaby Martins Ferreira, Viviane Carlin Cordaro, Luciana Pellegrini Pisani, Daniel Araki Ribeiro

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In one paragraph

Article in Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lorrany da Silva AvanciDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0005-2386-2126
Daniel Vitor de SouzaDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.
Gabriel Carvalhal de AguiarDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0009-0003-5951-4399
Thiago Guedes PintoDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.
Barbara Dos Anjos RosarioDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.
Milena de Barros VianaDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.
Yasmin Alaby Martins FerreiraDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-5705-6767
Viviane Carlin CordaroInstitute of Criminalistics of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01255-000, SP, Brazil.
Luciana Pellegrini PisaniDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-6579-6167
Daniel Araki RibeiroDepartment of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Rua Silva Jardim, 136, Room 332, Vila Mathias, Santos 11050-020, SP, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-5057-4983

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study investigated the impact of crack cocaine smoke exposure on the submandibular salivary gland of Wistar rats.

methodsThe animals were distributed into four groups: control (CTRL); 25 mg exposure (CK25); 50 mg exposure (CK50); and 100 mg exposure (CK100). The animals were exposed to crack cocaine smoke once a day for five consecutive days.

resultsExposure to crack cocaine smoke-induced histopathological changes in submandibular salivary glands in all groups under exposure. The immunohistochemical analysis demonstrates that exposure to crack cocaine smoke led to an increase in BCL-2 and P16 expression in all groups exposed to crack cocaine (

conclusionsIn summary, this study demonstrates that exposure to crack cocaine smoke-induced tissue degeneration in the submandibular salivary gland, increasing cellular senescence and promoting compensatory cell proliferation in Wistar rats.

Indexed as

crack cocaineimmunoexpressionsalivary glandssubmandibular salivary gland

Identifiers

PMID40700074
PMCPMC12285956

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.