Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40701953›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Genome-wide association study of pulpal and apical diseases.

Aino Salminen, Kati Hyvärinen, Jarmo Ritari, Jussi M Leppilahti, Ulla Palotie, Ville Vuollo, Oleg Kambur, FinnGen, Estonian Biobank Research Team, Kadri Reis and 12 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Aino SalminenOral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. aino.m.salminen@helsinki.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7576-090X
Kati HyvärinenFinnish Red Cross Blood Service, Research and Development, Helsinki, Finland.
Jarmo RitariFinnish Red Cross Blood Service, Research and Development, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3458-9314
Jussi M LeppilahtiResearch Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Ulla PalotieOral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9801-4889
Ville VuolloResearch Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Oleg KamburFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
FinnGen
Estonian Biobank Research Team
Kadri ReisEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Anu ReigoEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-0226-3396
Priit PaltaEstonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9320-7008
Markus PerolaFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Juha SinisaloHeart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0169-5137
Aki S HavulinnaFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-8959
Päivi MäntyläSchool of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Ulvi Kahraman GürsoyDepartment of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
A Liisa SuominenSchool of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8543-0055
David P RiceOral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-3078
Vuokko AnttonenResearch Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Pekka NieminenOral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-124X
Pirkko J PussinenOral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3563-1876

Funding

Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 326189Academy of Finland (Suomen Akatemia) 340750Eesti Teadusagentuur (Estonian Research Council) PRG1291
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infections of the dental pulp are common sequelae of microbial activity and host susceptibility, affecting >80% of adult population. We performed a genome-wide association study on endodontic infections utilizing Finnish health registry and genotype data from FinnGen. Cases [132,124 (27.2%)] had at least one ICD10-diagnosis code of pulpal or apical diseases, whereas 353,106 individuals without diagnoses served as controls. We investigated two clinical sub-phenotypes, Pulpitis and Necrosis of pulp or apical periodontitis. Our analysis resulted in significant associations in 12 chromosomes and 15 independent loci, such as those near HORMAD2 gene and those in the HLA region. The imputed HLA alleles, especially DRB1 * 04:01 and DQB1 * 03:01, were associated with endodontic infections. Bioinformatic analysis of the top variants indicated several potential regulatory variants which are involved in MHC class II protein complex, humoral immune responses, and antigen processing. Our study widens understanding on how immune dysregulation resulting from immunogenetic variation is involved in the pathogenesis of endodontic infections.

Indexed as

Genome-Wide Association StudyPeriapical PeriodontitisPulpitisAdultAllelesCase-Control StudiesFemaleFinlandGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHLA-DQ beta-ChainsHLA-DRB1 ChainsHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolymorphism, Single NucleotideHLA-DQ beta-ChainsHLA-DRB1 Chains

Identifiers

PMID40701953
PMCPMC12287303

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.