Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40702804›Full record

ArticleChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2025

Heavy-Atom Free Bodipy-Borafluorene Photosensitizer Decorated with Coumarin Antenna Selectively Staining Endoplasmic Reticulum for Application in PDT.

Karolina Wrochna, Dawid R Natkowski, Agata Blacha-Grzechnik, Sandra Pluczyk-Malek, Connor B Armstrong, Paolo J Mastroeni, Dominic J Black, Robert Pal, Krzysztof Durka, Paulina H Marek-Urban and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Karolina WrochnaFaculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw, 00-664, Poland.
Dawid R NatkowskiFaculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw, 00-664, Poland.
Agata Blacha-GrzechnikFaculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland.
Sandra Pluczyk-MalekFaculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland.
Connor B ArmstrongDepartment of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Paolo J MastroeniDepartment of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Dominic J BlackDepartment of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Robert PalDepartment of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
Krzysztof DurkaFaculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw, 00-664, Poland.
Paulina H Marek-UrbanFaculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, Warsaw, 00-664, Poland.
Patrycja StachelekDepartment of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/X001172/1Narodowe Centrum Nauki UMO-2020/39/B/ST4/02370Royal Society RG∖R1∖241218Royal Society URF\R1\221121Wydzial Chemiczny, Politechniki Warszawskiej 1820/101/Z01/2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The organelle-localized photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become a promising strategy for efficient cancer treatment. The photogeneration of reactive oxygen species in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) leads to lipid oxidation and causes cell apoptosis or necrosis. However, most of the commercially available ER-localized phototherapeutic agents exhibit dark cytotoxicity related to the presence of heavy atoms. In this contribution, we developed a novel heavy-atom free BODIPY photosensitizer that localizes selectively in the ER with good biocompatibility, small dark cytotoxicity and efficient singlet oxygen generation, causing cellular death in a PDT experiment. The molecular design of the BODIPY PS involves two key elements: (i) replacing of the common BF2 group with the 9-borafluorene which strongly enhances intersystem crossing to the triplet state responsible for photogeneration of singlet oxygen, and (ii) introduction of the pendant coumarin group ensuring ER-localization and serving as light-harvesting antenna for energy transfer to BODIPY core structure. The localization of BODIPY-based PS was confirmed by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) imaging, and co-staining revealed strong localization within the ER.

Indexed as

Boron CompoundsCoumarinsEndoplasmic ReticulumPhotosensitizing AgentsApoptosisHeLa CellsHumansMicroscopy, ConfocalPhotochemotherapyReactive Oxygen SpeciesSinglet Oxygen4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indaceneBoron CompoundscoumarinCoumarinsPhotosensitizing AgentsReactive Oxygen SpeciesSinglet OxygenBODIPYcoumarinendoplasmic reticulumFRETheavy‐atom free photosensitizersPDTspiro organoboron complexes

Identifiers

PMID40702804
PMCPMC12351428

What Socratic holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.