Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40709089›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025

Calycosin suppresses the activating effect of granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor-producing T helper cells on macrophages in experimental atherosclerosis.

Xiaofang Xiong, Wei Huang, Xuexue Yang, Xun Wang, Beibei Wu, Dongsheng Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Total Flavonoids fromAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Xiaofang XiongThe Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Wei HuangThe Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine at Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Xuexue YangThe Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Xun WangThe Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Beibei WuThe Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Dongsheng LiThe Department of Cardiology at Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: T cells are contributors to atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing T helper (ThGM) cells, a specialized helper T cell subset that highly expresses GM-CSF but lacks other helper T cell markers, could exacerbate atherosclerosis development. Calycosin has been reported to suppress atherosclerosis progression. However, the effect of calycosin on ThGM cells is unknown. This study was designed to test the calycosin-induced impact on the pro-atherosclerotic function of ThGM cells in a mouse atherosclerosis model. Methods: Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE Results: Aortic ThGM cell frequency was attenuated after calycosin administration. Live aortic ThGM cells, phenotypically featuring CD4 Conclusion: Calycosin inhibits ThGM cell activity to suppress ThGM-cell-mediated activation of pro-atherosclerotic macrophages to ultimately ameliorate atherosclerosis progression. Therefore, we revealed a novel mechanism by which calycosin protects against atherosclerosis.

Indexed as

atherosclerosiscalycosingranulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating factor-producing T helper cellsmacrophagesnuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 3

Identifiers

PMID40709089
PMCPMC12286824

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.