Unveiling the Effect of Aqueous-Phase Dynamics on Chitosan Hydrogel Film Mechanical Properties Through AFM Nanoindentation and Tensile Testing.

Rafael L C G da Silva, Rômulo Augusto Ando, Denise F S Petri

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Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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3 authors.

Rafael L C G da SilvaFundamental Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.

Rômulo Augusto AndoFundamental Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3872-8094

Denise F S PetriFundamental Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-4814-8357

Funding

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2018/13494-2Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2020/05632-9Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2021/13925-9Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2022/07927-1Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2022/11983-4National Council for Scientific and Technological Development 304017/2021-3National Council for Scientific and Technological Development 306885/2021-2

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mechanical properties of cell scaffolds are strongly influenced by their hydration state. In this study, we investigated the effect of the aqueous phase on the elastic modulus of chitosan hydrogel films using two complementary techniques: uniaxial tensile testing and atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanoindentation. Our results demonstrate that hydration markedly reduced the elastic modulus, decreasing from approximately 2 GPa in dry films to 120 kPa in swollen films, primarily due to the plasticizing effect of water. Moreover, hydrogel films in equilibrium with the aqueous phase exhibited a Young's modulus three times lower than that of swollen films not in equilibrium. Raman spectroscopy further reveals a solvent "squeeze-out" phenomenon, as evidenced by an increased signal intensity in the 850-1200 cm

Indexed as

AFM nanoindentationchitosan swollen filmselastic modulusRaman spectroscopy

Identifiers

PMID40710657

DOI10.3390/gels11070496

PMCPMC12296060

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LicenceCC BY

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