Evidence mapPaperPMID 40715772Full record

SynthesisAmerican journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions2025

Overview of Systematic Reviews on Treatments for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Assessing Methodological Quality and Mapping Evidence Gaps.

Ana Paula Oliveira Vilela, Flávia Deffert, Fernanda S Tonin, Roberto Pontarolo

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ana Paula Oliveira VilelaPostgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Assistance, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-5162-313X
Flávia DeffertPostgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2188-9967
Fernanda S ToninPharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Social and Legal Pharmacy Section, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4262-8608
Roberto PontaroloDepartment of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, 632 Lothario Meissner Avenue, Curitiba, 80210-170, Brazil. pontarolo@ufpr.br.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7049-4363

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigher quality scaled-up evidence on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a rare and life-threatening disease, is needed to support informed decision-making. We aimed to map the current knowledge of PAH treatments and evaluate the methodological quality of published systematic reviews.

methodsAn overview with literature searches in PubMed and Embase (May 2025) was performed (CRD42023414469). The methodological and reporting quality of the eligible records was assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR 2) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist, respectively. Association analyses between tools' scores with key variables (article publication date, journal impact factor, country/region) were performed (SPSS v.28). An evidence map summarizing the most reported treatments and outcomes was also built.

resultsOverall, 57 systematic reviews (n = 52; 91.2% with meta-analysis) published between 1997 and 2025 (median year 2017), authored mostly by countries from Asia (n = 35; 61.4%) and North America (n = 12; 21.1%), were included. The classes of phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors, endothelin receptor antagonists, and prostanoids and combination therapies were each assessed in one-third of the studies each. Over 20 different outcomes were reported, with the most common surrogate endpoints being 6-min walking distance (n = 42; 73.7%) and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (n = 33; 57.9%). Most studies were classified as having critically low methodological quality (n = 48; 84.2%), with only three presenting high-quality methodology according to AMSTAR 2. The mean PRISMA score was 21.3 ± 2.9, indicating an adherence rate of 78.9% to the checklist among authors. Although there was an improvement over time in the quality of the reviews (p = 0.016 for AMSTAR; p = 0.002 for PRISMA), no correlations were found based on country nor journal impact factor.

conclusionsMethodological weaknesses remain common in systematic reviews of PAH; therefore, enforcing compliance with guidelines and standardizing outcome measurements through a core outcome set is crucial for improving data comparability and clinical application. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO identifier no. CRD42023414469.

Indexed as

Antihypertensive AgentsHypertension, PulmonaryPulmonary Arterial HypertensionSystematic Reviews as TopicEvidence GapsHumansAntihypertensive Agents

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.