Evidence mapPaperPMID 40722944Full record

ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Post-COVID Condition and Neuroinflammation: Possible Management with Antioxidants.

Noemí Cárdenas-Rodríguez, Iván Ignacio-Mejía, César Miguel Mejía-Barradas, Daniel Ortega-Cuellar, Felipe Muñoz-González, Marco Antonio Vargas-Hernández, Exsal Manuel Albores-Méndez, Gabriela Ibáñez-Cervantes, Roberto Medina-Santillán, Aarón Hernández-Ortiz and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Noemí Cárdenas-RodríguezLaboratorio de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatriía, Secretariía de Salud, Mexico City 04530, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-6580-3440
Iván Ignacio-MejíaSección de Investigación, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea Mexicanos, Universidad del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea, Mexico City 11200, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0003-3792-4613
César Miguel Mejía-BarradasEscuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-7269-5257
Daniel Ortega-CuellarLaboratorio de Nutrición Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 04530, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0001-7950-4911
Felipe Muñoz-GonzálezEscuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
Marco Antonio Vargas-HernándezSección de Investigación, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea Mexicanos, Universidad del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea, Mexico City 11200, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-2518-2803
Exsal Manuel Albores-MéndezSección de Investigación, Escuela Militar de Graduados de Sanidad, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea Mexicanos, Universidad del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea, Mexico City 11200, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-0813-3428
Gabriela Ibáñez-CervantesEscuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-7969-0942
Roberto Medina-SantillánEscuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
Aarón Hernández-OrtizEscuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.
Elizabeth Herrera-LópezDepartamento de Investigación, Universidad Estatal del Valle de Ecatepec, Mexico City 55210, Mexico.
Cindy BandalaEscuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico.ORCID 0000-0002-7414-2621

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Post-COVID condition (PCC) is a complex syndrome characterized by the persistence of diverse symptoms-including respiratory, neurological, and psychiatric manifestations-that last for weeks or months after acute Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Epidemiological data indicate a higher prevalence among women and older adults, with significant impacts on daily functioning. The pathophysiology of PCC is multifactorial, involving immune dysregulation, viral persistence, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, all of which contribute to sustained neuroinflammation. This narrative review examines the clinical features, risk factors, and current evidence on antioxidant-based interventions as potential therapeutic strategies for PCC. A wide range of compounds-including vitamins, polyphenols, and endogenous antioxidants-have shown promise in mitigating neuroinflammation and oxidative damage in both clinical and experimental settings. Antioxidants may help restore redox balance and improve neurological outcomes in affected patients. However, further clinical research is essential to determine their efficacy, safety, and optimal therapeutic protocols.

Indexed as

antioxidantsneuroinflammationpost-COVID condition

Identifiers

PMID40722944
PMCPMC12291744

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.