ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025
Analysis of ROH Characteristics Across Generations in Grassland-Thoroughbred Horses and Identification of Loci Associated with Athletic Traits.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The core objective of racehorse breeding is to enhance the speed and endurance of the horses. The Grassland-Thoroughbred is an emerging horse breed developed in northern China in recent years, characterized by excellent speed performance, enduring stamina, and strong environmental adaptability. However, research on the genetic characteristics within this breed and the genes associated with athletic performance remains relatively limited. We conducted whole-genome resequencing of Grassland-Thoroughbred F1, F2, F3, and the crossbred population (CY) and obtained a total of 4056.23 Gb of high-quality data after quality control. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were primarily distributed in intergenic regions, followed by intronic regions. Principal component analysis (PCA) and STRUCTURE revealed clear distinctions among the generations, with a notable overlap between CY and F3. Using the SNP dataset, we analyzed the number and length distribution patterns of runs of homozygosity (ROHs) in the genomes of different generational groups of Grassland-Thoroughbreds. Short ROHs ranging from 0.5 to 2 Mb were the most abundant, with the following distribution: F1 (85.15%) > F2 (82.92%) > CY (78.75%) > F3 (77.51%). Medium-length ROHs (2-8 Mb) and long ROHs (>8 Mb) together exhibited a similar but opposite trend. The average length of ROHs was 1.57 Mb. The inbreeding coefficients (F_ROH) among different generational groups of Grassland-Thoroughbreds were as follows: F1 (0.0942) < F2 (0.1197) < CY (0.1435) < F3 (0.1497). Through ROH island analysis, 10 high-frequency ROH regions were identified and annotated with 120 genes. Genomic regions and candidate genes associated with athletic traits-
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