ReviewBiomolecules2025
Circadian Biomarkers in Humans: Methodological Insights into the Detection of Melatonin and Cortisol.
Review in Biomolecules, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Simplified and Robust LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Six Steroid Hormones Associated With Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2026Article
- Noninvasive malaria detection beyond blood sampling.Sensors & diagnostics · 2026Review
- Allostatic and Circadian Drives in Patients with Bipolar Disorder in Depressive Episodes or with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Versus Healthy Controls: Neuroendocrine Comparison Through Cortisol and 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Overnight Urine Excretion.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Impact of Perioperative Circadian Rhythm Disruption on Recovery and Complications in Skull Base Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2026Article
- Competitive Immunoassay of Melatonin by QCM Biosensor.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Beyond Screen Time: A Measurement Framework for Behavioral Exposures in Childhood Myopia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Analytical Methods for Melatonin Quantification: Advances, Challenges, and Clinical Applications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- An Assessment of Melatonin Levels in the Saliva of Patients with Chronic Urticaria in Comparison with Their Sleep Quality and Dermatologic Quality of Life.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- Circadian regulation of osteoclast lysosomal-resorption machinery: implications for osteoporosis therapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Pharmacologic management of postoperative sleep disturbance in breast cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- When the biological clock is disordered: circadian rhythm disruption as a core pathophysiological mechanism in anxiety and depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Responsiveness of ThymoDreamFrontiers in sleep · 2026Article
- From Monoamines to Systems Psychiatry: Rewiring Depression Science and Care (1960s-2025).Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Article
- Melatonin and Cortisol Concentration Before and After CPAP Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are intrinsic, with roughly 24 h oscillations that coordinate many physiological functions and are increasingly recognized as key determinants of human health. When these rhythms become misaligned, there is an increased risk for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders, metabolic syndrome, sleep disturbances, and even certain cancers. The hormones, melatonin that rises in the evening and cortisol that peaks shortly after awakening, represent crucial biochemical markers of the circadian phase. This review systematically evaluates contemporary techniques for quantifying melatonin and cortisol, comparing biological matrices (blood, saliva, urine) alongside analytical platforms. Special focus is placed on two clinically informative markers: Dim Light Melatonin Onset (DLMO) and the Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR). We compared immunoassays with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS), highlighting differences in sensitivity, specificity, and laboratory feasibility. Potential confounders, including ambient light, body posture, and exact sampling times-are discussed in detail, to show the capacity of providing the most reliable results. By emphasizing the need for standardized protocols and controlled sampling conditions, this review provides essential guidance for researchers and clinicians aiming to assess the circadian biomarkers melatonin and cortisol with precision since they can be used in clinical practice as diagnostic and prognostic tools for assessing numerous pathologies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.