Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40724974›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Oxidative Stress in HIV-Associated Neurodegeneration: Mechanisms of Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets.

Sophia Gagliardi, Tristan Hotchkin, Grace Hillmer, Maeve Engelbride, Alexander Diggs, Hasset Tibebe, Coco Izumi, Cailyn Sullivan, Cecelia Cropp, Olive Lantz and 6 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Sophia GagliardiDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Tristan HotchkinDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Grace HillmerDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Maeve EngelbrideDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Alexander DiggsDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Hasset TibebeDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Coco IzumiDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-8581-0474
Cailyn SullivanDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Cecelia CroppDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Olive LantzDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Dacia MarquezDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Jason ChangDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.
Jiro EzakiDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-3634-3438
Alexander George ZestosDepartment of Chemistry, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4804-4278
Anthony L RileyDepartment of Neuroscience, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3770-0652
Taisuke IzumiDepartment of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8193-0813

Funding

Dual-function Carbon Modified-Silicon Microelectrodes for Biomolecule Detection with Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry and Electrophysiology Recording and StimulationR41MH139088 · NIMH · SPIKE NEURO LLC · PI ZESTOS, ALEXANDROS GEORGE · 2024 to 2025
$1.0M
Role of canonical and non-canonical beta-catenin signaling in HIV-1 latencyR15AI172610 · NIAID · SAINT JOSEPH'S UNIVERSITY · PI Taisuke Izumi · 2022 to 2026
$885k
Multielectrode Arrays for Neurotransmitter Detection with Fast Scan Cyclic VoltammetryR41NS113702 · NINDS · MICROPROBES FOR LIFE SCIENCE, INC. · PI ZESTOS, ALEXANDROS GEORGE · 2019 to 2019
$145k
DC CFAR P30AI117970NIAID NIH HHS R15 AI172610NIH HHS 7R15AI172610-02NIMH NIH HHS R41 MH139088NINDS NIH HHS R41 NS113702
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Treatment for HIV infection has become more manageable due to advances in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). However, HIV still significantly affects the central nervous system (CNS) in infected individuals, even with effective plasma viral suppression, due to persistent viral reservoirs and chronic neuroinflammation. This ongoing inflammation contributes to the development of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs), including dementia and Alzheimer's disease-like pathology. These complications are particularly prevalent among the aging population with HIV. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of HAND, with a focus on the contribution of oxidative stress induced by HIV-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through viral proteins such as gp120, Tat, Nef, Vpr, and reverse transcriptase. In addition, we discuss current and emerging therapeutic interventions targeting HAND, including antioxidant strategies and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. These are potential adjunctive approaches to mitigate neuroinflammation and oxidative damage in the CNS.

Indexed as

AIDS Dementia ComplexHIV InfectionsNeurodegenerative DiseasesOxidative StressAnimalsAntioxidantsHumansReactive Oxygen SpeciesAntioxidantsReactive Oxygen SpeciesAlzheimer’s Disease (AD)central nervous system (CNS)HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND)human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)reactive oxygen species (ROS)

Identifiers

PMID40724974
PMCPMC12295029

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.