Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40725022›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025

Tumor Microenvironment in Melanoma-Characteristic and Clinical Implications.

Hubert Sikorski, Michał Aleksander Żmijewski, Anna Piotrowska

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Autophagy in Melanoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
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  20. 1,24,25(OH)Scientific reports · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Hubert SikorskiDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1 Str., 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0009-0008-6957-0534
Michał Aleksander ŻmijewskiDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1 Str., 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.
Anna PiotrowskaDepartment of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1 Str., 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2672-0474

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive cancer with an increasing incidence worldwide, highlighting the need for research into its pathogenesis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in melanoma progression and consists of cellular components and an extracellular matrix (ECM) rich in cytokines and signaling molecules. The most abundant stromal cells within the TME are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which remodel the ECM and modulate immune responses. Among immune cells, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) predominate, and their polarization toward the M2 phenotype supports tumor progression. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have diverse functions, including cytotoxic T-cells, helper T-cells that modulate immune response, B-cells forming tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS), and regulatory T-cells with immunosuppressive properties. Dendritic cells (DCs) also play a complex role in the TME. A notable subpopulation are mature regulatory dendritic cells (mregDCs), which contribute to immune evasion. All of these TME components may drive tumorigenesis. Advancements in melanoma treatment-including immunotherapy and targeted therapies-have significantly improved outcomes in advanced-stage disease. In parallel, emerging approaches targeting the tumor microenvironment and gut microbiome, as well as personalized strategies such as neoantigen vaccines and cell-based therapies, are under active investigation and may further enhance therapeutic efficacy in the near future.

Indexed as

MelanomaSkin NeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsDendritic CellsHumansImmunotherapyLymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltratingcancer/melanoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs)dendritic cellsimmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)macrophagesmelanomametastasestumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)tumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID40725022
PMCPMC12295954

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.